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Modern applications of artificial neural networks have yielded remarkable performance gains in a wide range of tasks. However, recent studies have discovered that such modelling strategy is vulnerable to Adversarial Examples, i.e. examples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-24 João Monteiro , Isabela Albuquerque , Zahid Akhtar , Tiago H. Falk

Deep neural networks are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples crafted by adding human-imperceptible perturbations to the benign input. After achieving nearly 100% attack success rates in white-box setting, more focus is shifted to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Xu Han , Anmin Liu , Chenxuan Yao , Yanbo Fan , Kun He

Transferability of adversarial examples is of critical importance to launch black-box adversarial attacks, where attackers are only allowed to access the output of the target model. However, under such a challenging but practical setting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Mingyuan Fan , Wenzhong Guo , Shengxing Yu , Zuobin Ying , Ximeng Liu

Most existing machine learning classifiers are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples. An adversarial example is a sample of input data which has been modified very slightly in a way that is intended to cause a machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-14 Alexey Kurakin , Ian Goodfellow , Samy Bengio

Transferable adversarial attacks against Deep neural networks (DNNs) have received broad attention in recent years. An adversarial example can be crafted by a surrogate model and then attack the unknown target model successfully, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yao Zhu , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaodan Li , Kejiang Chen , Yuan He , Xiang Tian , Bolun Zheng , Yaowu Chen , Qingming Huang

Adversarial attacks have been extensively studied in recent years since they can identify the vulnerability of deep learning models before deployed. In this paper, we consider the black-box adversarial setting, where the adversary needs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yinpeng Dong , Shuyu Cheng , Tianyu Pang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples--inputs with imperceptible perturbations causing misclassification. While adversarial transfer within neural networks is well-documented, whether classical ML pipelines using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Achraf Hsain , Ahmed Abdelkader , Emmanuel Baldwin Mbaya , Hamoud Aljamaan

Adversarial examples are maliciously tweaked images that can easily fool machine learning techniques, such as neural networks, but they are normally not visually distinguishable for human beings. One of the main approaches to solve this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Zukang Liao

Adversarial attacks have become a well-explored domain, frequently serving as evaluation baselines for model robustness. Among these, black-box attacks based on transferability have received significant attention due to their practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Chun Tong Lei , Zhongliang Guo , Hon Chung Lee , Minh Quoc Duong , Chun Pong Lau

Evasion attacks are a threat to machine learning models, where adversaries attempt to affect classifiers by injecting malicious samples. An alarming side-effect of evasion attacks is their ability to transfer among different models: this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Marco Alecci , Mauro Conti , Francesco Marchiori , Luca Martinelli , Luca Pajola

The ability to transfer adversarial attacks from one model (the surrogate) to another model (the victim) has been an issue of concern within the machine learning (ML) community. The ability to successfully evade unseen models represents an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Luke E. Richards , André Nguyen , Ryan Capps , Steven Forsythe , Cynthia Matuszek , Edward Raff

Adversarial examples for neural network image classifiers are known to be transferable: examples optimized to be misclassified by a source classifier are often misclassified as well by classifiers with different architectures. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Jacob M. Springer , Melanie Mitchell , Garrett T. Kenyon

Deep neural networks can be vulnerable to adversarially crafted examples, presenting significant risks to practical applications. A prevalent approach for adversarial attacks relies on the transferability of adversarial examples, which are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Shanjun Xu , Linghui Li , Kaiguo Yuan , Bingyu Li

Recent years have witnessed the deployment of adversarial attacks to evaluate the robustness of Neural Networks. Past work in this field has relied on traditional optimization algorithms that ignore the inherent structure of the problem and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Florian Jaeckle , M. Pawan Kumar

The presence of adversarial examples poses a significant threat to deep learning models and their applications. Existing defense methods provide certain resilience against adversarial examples, but often suffer from decreased accuracy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Jiahao Chen , Diqun Yan , Li Dong

Model ensemble adversarial attack has become a powerful method for generating transferable adversarial examples that can target even unknown models, but its theoretical foundation remains underexplored. To address this gap, we provide early…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Wei Yao , Zeliang Zhang , Huayi Tang , Yong Liu

Recent studies have shown that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are relatively easy to attack through the generation of so-called adversarial examples. Such vulnerability also affects CNN-based image forensic tools. Research in deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Mauro Barni , Kassem Kallas , Ehsan Nowroozi , Benedetta Tondi

Since Biggio et al. (2013) and Szegedy et al. (2013) first drew attention to adversarial examples, there has been a flood of research into defending and attacking machine learning models. However, almost all proposed attacks assume…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Jamie Hayes

In recent years, the topic of explainable machine learning (ML) has been extensively researched. Up until now, this research focused on regular ML users use-cases such as debugging a ML model. This paper takes a different posture and show…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Ishai Rosenberg , Shai Meir , Jonathan Berrebi , Ilay Gordon , Guillaume Sicard , Eli David

Deep neural networks have shown to be very vulnerable to adversarial examples crafted by adding human-imperceptible perturbations to benign inputs. After achieving impressive attack success rates in the white-box setting, more focus is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Xu Han , Anmin Liu , Yifeng Xiong , Yanbo Fan , Kun He