Related papers: Higher Trigonometry: A Class Of Nonlinear Systems

Given a simplicial complex with weights on its simplices, and a nontrivial cycle on it, we are interested in finding the cycle with minimal weight which is homologous to the given one. Assuming that the homology is defined with integer…

We prove that |{1<=y<=x: y is odd and not of the form p+2^a+2^b}|>>x^{1-\epsilon} for any \epsilon>0, where the implied constant only depends on \epsilon.

Let $p$ be an odd prime, let $N$ be a prime with $N \equiv 1 \pmod{p}$, and let $\zeta_p$ be a primitive $p$-th root of unity. We study the $p$-rank of the class group of $\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_p, N^{1/p})$ using Galois cohomological methods and…

We propose a prototypical Split Inverse Problem (SIP) and a new variational problem, called the Split Variational Inequality Problem (SVIP), which is a SIP. It entails finding a solution of one inverse problem (e.g., a Variational…

In this paper a class of simple, but nonlinear, systems of recursions involving $2$ dependent variables $x_{j}\left( n\right) $ is identified, such that the solutions of their initial-values problems -- with arbitrary initial data…

Let $\Omega$ be a bounded open interval, and let $p>1$ and $q\in\left(0,p-1\right) $. Let $m\in L^{p^{\prime}}\left(\Omega\right) $ and $0\leq c\in L^{\infty}\left(\Omega\right) $. We study existence of strictly positive solutions for…

We show that if a big set of integer points in [0,N]^d, d>1, occupies few residue classes mod p for many primes p, then it must essentially lie in the solution set of some polynomial equation of low degree. This answers a question of…

Cyclic codes, as a crucial subclass of linear codes, exhibit broad applications in communication systems, data storage systems, and consumer electronics, primarily attributed to their well-structured algebraic properties. Let $p$ denote an…

Theories of classification distinguish classes with some good structure theorem from those for which none is possible. Some classes (dense linear orders, for instance) are non-classifiable in general, but are classifiable when we consider…

For first order differential equations of the form $y'=\sum_{p=0}^P F_p(x)y^p$ and second order homogeneous linear differential equations $y''+a(x)y'+b(x)y=0$ with locally integrable coefficients having asymptotic (possibly divergent) power…

The double-exponential Sinc-collocation method is known as a super-accurate method for solving initial value problems of ordinary differential equations, for which the error decreases almost exponentially as a function of the number of…

We investigate the Lebesgue--Nagell equation \begin{align*} x^2-2=y^p \end{align*} in integers $x,y,p$ with $p\geq 3$ an odd prime. A longstanding folklore conjecture asserts that the only solutions are the ``trivial'' ones with $y=-1$. We…

In this article, we study the singular case of an homogeneous generalized discrete time system with given initial conditions. We consider the matrix pencil singular and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for existence and…

For a polynomial $f(X)=AX^d+C \in \mathbb{F}_p[X]$ with $A\neq 0$ and $d\geq 2$, we prove that if $d\;|\;p-1$ and $f^i(0)\neq f^j(0)$ for $0\leq i<j\leq N$, then $\#f^N(\mathbb{F}_p) \sim \frac{2p}{(d-1)N},$ where $f^N$ is the $N$-th…

In this paper we give simple expressions, involving binomials coefficients, for the value of $c(n,k)$ modulo $p^{v_p(n)}$, when $v_p(n) > 0$. Here $c(n,k)$ denotes a Stirling number of the first kind, and $v_p(n)$ is the highest power of…

The purposes of this paper are to classify lower triangular forms and to determine under what conditions a nonlinear system is equivalent to a specific type of lower triangular forms. According to the least multi-indices and the greatest…

This paper proposes specular differentiation in one-dimensional Euclidean space and provides its fundamental analysis, including a quasi-Fermat theorem and a quasi-Mean Value Theorem. As an application, this paper develops several numerical…

We present the MEoP problem that decides the existence of solutions to certain modular equations over prime numbers and show how this separates the complexity class NP from its subclass P

We give a geometric interpretation of all the $m$-th elliptic integrable systems associated to a $k'$-symmetric space $N=G/G_0$ (in the sense of C.L. Terng). It turns out that we have to introduce the integer $m_{k'}$ defined by m_{1}=0 and…

This paper considers solutions (x_1, x_2, ..., x_n) to the cyclic system of n simultaneous congruences r (x_1x_2 ...x_n)/x_i = s (mod |x_i|), for fixed nonzero integers r,s with r>0 and gcd(r,s)=1. It shows this system has a finite number…