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The rapid growth of machine learning has spurred legislative initiatives such as ``the Right to be Forgotten,'' allowing users to request data removal. In response, ``machine unlearning'' proposes the selective removal of unwanted data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Guihong Li , Hsiang Hsu , Chun-Fu Chen , Radu Marculescu

Machine unlearning (MU) aims to remove the influence of specific training samples from a well-trained model, a task of growing importance due to the ``right to be forgotten.'' The unlearned model should approach the retrained model, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xinwen Cheng , Zhehao Huang , Wenxin Zhou , Zhengbao He , Ruikai Yang , Yingwen Wu , Xiaolin Huang

Machine Unlearning (MU) aims at removing the influence of specific data points from a trained model, striving to achieve this at a fraction of the cost of full model retraining. In this paper, we analyze the efficiency of unlearning methods…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-24 Martin Van Waerebeke , Marco Lorenzi , Giovanni Neglia , Kevin Scaman

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative training of a machine learning (ML) model across multiple parties, facilitating the preservation of users' and institutions' privacy by maintaining data stored locally. Instead of centralizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Nicolò Romandini , Alessio Mora , Carlo Mazzocca , Rebecca Montanari , Paolo Bellavista

Regulations introduced by General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the EU or California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) in the US have included provisions on the \textit{right to be forgotten} that mandates industry applications to remove…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Vinayshekhar Bannihatti Kumar , Rashmi Gangadharaiah , Dan Roth

As a means to balance the growth of the AI industry with the need for privacy protection, machine unlearning plays a crucial role in realizing the ``right to be forgotten'' in artificial intelligence. This technique enables AI systems to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Eun-Ju Park , Youjin Shin , Simon S. Woo

Modern privacy regulations have spurred the evolution of machine unlearning, a technique enabling a trained model to efficiently forget specific training data. In prior unlearning methods, the concept of "data forgetting" is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Zhenxing Niu , Haoxuan Ji , Yuyao Sun , Zheng Lin , Fei Gao , Yuhang Wang , Haichao Gao

As the use of machine learning (ML) models is becoming increasingly popular in many real-world applications, there are practical challenges that need to be addressed for model maintenance. One such challenge is to 'undo' the effect of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Quoc Phong Nguyen , Ryutaro Oikawa , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Mun Choon Chan , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Removing information from a machine learning model is a non-trivial task that requires to partially revert the training process. This task is unavoidable when sensitive data, such as credit card numbers or passwords, accidentally enter the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Alexander Warnecke , Lukas Pirch , Christian Wressnegger , Konrad Rieck

We introduce a model of online algorithms subject to strict constraints on data retention. An online learning algorithm encounters a stream of data points, one per round, generated by some stationary process. Crucially, each data point can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Nicole Immorlica , Brendan Lucier , Markus Mobius , James Siderius

Large language model (LLM) unlearning has demonstrated effectiveness in removing the influence of undesirable data (also known as forget data). Existing approaches typically assume full access to the forget dataset, overlooking two key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Linxi Xie , Xin Teng , Shichang Ke , Hongyi Wen , Shengjie Wang

The right to be forgotten (RTBF) seeks to safeguard individuals from the enduring effects of their historical actions by implementing machine-learning techniques. These techniques facilitate the deletion of previously acquired knowledge…

The wide use of machine learning is fundamentally changing the software development paradigm (a.k.a. Software 2.0) where data becomes a first-class citizen, on par with code. As machine learning is used in sensitive applications, it becomes…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Ki Hyun Tae , Yuji Roh , Young Hun Oh , Hyunsu Kim , Steven Euijong Whang

With the passage of the Right to Be Forgotten (RTBF) regulations and the scaling up of language model training datasets, research on model unlearning in large language models (LLMs) has become more crucial. Before the era of LLMs, machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Bichen Wang , Yuzhe Zi , Yixin Sun , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin

Machine unlearning is a prominent and challenging field, driven by regulatory demands for user data deletion and heightened privacy awareness. Existing approaches involve retraining model or multiple finetuning steps for each deletion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Sangamesh Kodge , Gobinda Saha , Kaushik Roy

Deep machine unlearning is the problem of `removing' from a trained neural network a subset of its training set. This problem is very timely and has many applications, including the key tasks of removing biases (RB), resolving confusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Meghdad Kurmanji , Peter Triantafillou , Jamie Hayes , Eleni Triantafillou

Recently, serious concerns have been raised about the privacy issues related to training datasets in machine learning algorithms when including personal data. Various regulations in different countries, including the GDPR grant individuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Hyunjune Kim , Sangyong Lee , Simon S. Woo

Machine unlearning is an emerging technique that removes the influence of a subset of training data (forget set) from a model without full retraining, with applications including privacy protection, content moderation, and model correction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hong kyu Lee , Ruixuan Liu , Li Xiong

Good data stewardship requires removal of data at the request of the data's owner. This raises the question if and how a trained machine-learning model, which implicitly stores information about its training data, should be affected by such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Chuan Guo , Tom Goldstein , Awni Hannun , Laurens van der Maaten

Training machine learning models requires the storage of large datasets, which often contain sensitive or private data. Storing data is associated with a number of potential risks which increase over time, such as database breaches and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Aviraj Newatia , Michael Cooper , Viet Nguyen , Rahul G. Krishnan
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