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Learning control policies in simulation enables rapid, safe, and cost-effective development of advanced robotic capabilities. However, transferring these policies to the real world remains difficult due to the sim-to-real gap, where…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Jiahe Pan , Jiaxu Xing , Rudolf Reiter , Yifan Zhai , Elie Aljalbout , Davide Scaramuzza

Although learning-based methods have great potential for robotics, one concern is that a robot that updates its parameters might cause large amounts of damage before it learns the optimal policy. We formalize the idea of safe learning in a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-05-17 David Held , Zoe McCarthy , Michael Zhang , Fred Shentu , Pieter Abbeel

Simulation-to-reality transfer has emerged as a popular and highly successful method to train robotic control policies for a wide variety of tasks. However, it is often challenging to determine when policies trained in simulation are ready…

Transfer learning of prediction models has been extensively studied, while the corresponding policy learning approaches are rarely discussed. In this paper, we propose principled approaches for learning the optimal policy in the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xueqing Liu , Qinwei Yang , Zhaoqing Tian , Ruocheng Guo , Peng Wu

Robot learning requires a considerable amount of high-quality data to realize the promise of generalization. However, large data sets are costly to collect in the real world. Physics simulators can cheaply generate vast data sets with broad…

Current Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms struggle with long-horizon tasks where time can be wasted exploring dead ends and task progress may be easily reversed. We develop the SPOT framework, which explores within action safety zones,…

The ability to walk in new scenarios is a key milestone on the path toward real-world applications of legged robots. In this work, we introduce Meta Strategy Optimization, a meta-learning algorithm for training policies with latent variable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Wenhao Yu , Jie Tan , Yunfei Bai , Erwin Coumans , Sehoon Ha

We consider the problem of offline reinforcement learning with model-based control, whose goal is to learn a dynamics model from the experience replay and obtain a pessimism-oriented agent under the learned model. Current model-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Ruizhen Liu , Dazhi Zhong , Zhicong Chen

Domain randomization (DR) is a successful technique for learning robust policies for robot systems, when the dynamics of the target robot system are unknown. The success of policies trained with domain randomization however, is highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Melissa Mozifian , Juan Camilo Gamboa Higuera , David Meger , Gregory Dudek

We present a reinforcement learning-based solution to autonomously race on a miniature race car platform. We show that a policy that is trained purely in simulation using a relatively simple vehicle model, including model randomization, can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Eugenio Chisari , Alexander Liniger , Alisa Rupenyan , Luc Van Gool , John Lygeros

In many real-world scenarios, Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms are trained on data with dynamics shift, i.e., with different underlying environment dynamics. A majority of current methods address such issue by training context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Zhenghai Xue , Qingpeng Cai , Shuchang Liu , Dong Zheng , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai , Bo An

In order to mitigate the sample complexity of real-world reinforcement learning, common practice is to first train a policy in a simulator where samples are cheap, and then deploy this policy in the real world, with the hope that it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Andrew Wagenmaker , Kevin Huang , Liyiming Ke , Byron Boots , Kevin Jamieson , Abhishek Gupta

For many applications of reinforcement learning it can be more convenient to specify both a reward function and constraints, rather than trying to design behavior through the reward function. For example, systems that physically interact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Joshua Achiam , David Held , Aviv Tamar , Pieter Abbeel

Simulation based learning often provides a cost-efficient recourse to reinforcement learning applications in robotics. However, simulators are generally incapable of accurately replicating real-world dynamics, and thus bridging the sim2real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Buddhika Laknath Semage , Thommen George Karimpanal , Santu Rana , Svetha Venkatesh

Most policy search algorithms require thousands of training episodes to find an effective policy, which is often infeasible with a physical robot. This survey article focuses on the extreme other end of the spectrum: how can a robot adapt…

Physics simulators have shown great promise for conveniently learning reinforcement learning policies in safe, unconstrained environments. However, transferring the acquired knowledge to the real world can be challenging due to the reality…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Gabriele Tiboni , Karol Arndt , Giuseppe Averta , Ville Kyrki , Tatiana Tommasi

Existing quadrupedal locomotion learning paradigms usually rely on extensive domain randomization to alleviate the sim2real gap and enhance robustness. It trains policies with a wide range of environment parameters and sensor noises to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Wei Xiao , Shangke Lyu , Zhefei Gong , Renjie Wang , Donglin Wang

Training robotic policies in simulation suffers from the sim-to-real gap, as simulated dynamics can be different from real-world dynamics. Past works tackled this problem through domain randomization and online system-identification. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Jacky Liang , Saumya Saxena , Oliver Kroemer

Model-free or learning-based control, in particular, reinforcement learning (RL), is expected to be applied for complex robotic tasks. Traditional RL requires a policy to be optimized is state-dependent, that means, the policy is a kind of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Taisuke Kobayashi , Kenta Yoshizawa

Traditional robotic approaches rely on an accurate model of the environment, a detailed description of how to perform the task, and a robust perception system to keep track of the current state. On the other hand, reinforcement learning…