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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have yielded impressive performance on various tasks, yet they often depend on high-quality feedback that can be costly. Self-refinement methods attempt to leverage LLMs' internal evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hikaru Asano , Tadashi Kozuno , Yukino Baba

Deep learning-based models, when trained in a fully-supervised manner, can be effective in performing complex image analysis tasks, although contingent upon the availability of large labeled datasets. Especially in the medical imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Ayaan Haque , Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran , Adam Wang , Demetri Terzopoulos

This paper presents a simple and effective approach to solving the multi-label classification problem. The proposed approach leverages Transformer decoders to query the existence of a class label. The use of Transformer is rooted in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Shilong Liu , Lei Zhang , Xiao Yang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Deep learning has achieved unprecedented success in various object detection tasks with huge amounts of labeled data. However, obtaining large-scale annotations for medical images is extremely challenging due to the high demand of labour…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-21 Zhizhong Chai , Luyang Luo , Huangjing Lin , Hao Chen , Anjia Han , Pheng-Ann Heng

Multi-graph multi-label learning (\textsc{Mgml}) is a supervised learning framework, which aims to learn a multi-label classifier from a set of labeled bags each containing a number of graphs. Prior techniques on the \textsc{Mgml} are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Yejiang Wang , Yuhai Zhao , Zhengkui Wang , Chengqi Zhang

Natural images exhibit label diversity (clean vs. noisy) in noisy-labeled image classification and prevalence diversity (abundant vs. sparse) in long-tailed image classification. Similarly, medical images in universal lesion detection (ULD)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Han Li , Hu Han , S. Kevin Zhou

Multi-label learning handles instances associated with multiple class labels. The original label space is a logical matrix with entries from the Boolean domain $\in \left \{ 0,1 \right \}$. Logical labels are not able to show the relative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Ali Braytee , Wei Liu

The development of supervised deep learning-based methods for multi-label scene classification (MLC) is one of the prominent research directions in remote sensing (RS). However, collecting annotations for large RS image archives is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Tom Burgert , Kai Norman Clasen , Jonas Klotz , Tim Siebert , Begüm Demir

The rapid evolution of deep learning has significantly advanced the field of medical image analysis. However, despite these achievements, the further enhancement of deep learning models for medical image analysis faces a significant…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-11 Suruchi Kumari , Pravendra Singh

In multi-label classification, where a single example may be associated with several class labels at the same time, the ability to model dependencies between labels is considered crucial to effectively optimize non-decomposable evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Michael Rapp , Eneldo Loza Mencía , Johannes Fürnkranz , Eyke Hüllermeier

Traditional deep learning methods in medical imaging often focus solely on segmentation or classification, limiting their ability to leverage shared information. Multi-task learning (MTL) addresses this by combining both tasks through…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Phuoc-Nguyen Bui , Duc-Tai Le , Junghyun Bum , Hyunseung Choo

Multi-label classification is a type of supervised machine learning that can simultaneously assign multiple labels to an instance. To solve this task, some methods divide the original problem into several sub-problems (local approach),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Elaine Cecília Gatto , Felipe Nakano Kenji , Jesse Read , Mauri Ferrandin , Ricardo Cerri , Celine Vens

Multi-label classification (MLC) assigns multiple labels to each sample. Prior studies show that MLC can be transformed to a sequence prediction problem with a recurrent neural network (RNN) decoder to model the label dependency. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Che-Ping Tsai , Hung-Yi Lee

Deep learning has achieved widespread success in medical image analysis, leading to an increasing demand for large-scale expert-annotated medical image datasets. Yet, the high cost of annotating medical images severely hampers the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Haoran Wang , Qiuye Jin , Shiman Li , Siyu Liu , Manning Wang , Zhijian Song

Class imbalance is an inherent characteristic of multi-label data that hinders most multi-label learning methods. One efficient and flexible strategy to deal with this problem is to employ sampling techniques before training a multi-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Bin Liu , Konstantinos Blekas , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Current deep learning paradigms largely benefit from the tremendous amount of annotated data. However, the quality of the annotations often varies among labelers. Multi-observer studies have been conducted to study these annotation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Xiaosong Wang , Ziyue Xu , Dong Yang , Leo Tam , Holger Roth , Daguang Xu

Traditional supervised medical image segmentation models require large amounts of labeled data for training; however, obtaining such large-scale labeled datasets in the real world is extremely challenging. Recent semi-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yunyao Lu , Yihang Wu , Reem Kateb , Ahmad Chaddad

Training deep neural networks(DNN) with noisy labels is challenging since DNN can easily memorize inaccurate labels, leading to poor generalization ability. Recently, the meta-learning based label correction strategy is widely adopted to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Yuanpeng Tu , Boshen Zhang , Yuxi Li , Liang Liu , Jian Li , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Cai Rong Zhao

Multi-label image recognition is a practical and challenging task compared to single-label image classification. However, previous works may be suboptimal because of a great number of object proposals or complex attentional region…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Bin-Bin Gao , Hong-Yu Zhou

Neural networks have recently been proposed for multi-label classification because they are able to capture and model label dependencies in the output layer. In this work, we investigate limitations of BP-MLL, a neural network (NN)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Jinseok Nam , Jungi Kim , Eneldo Loza Mencía , Iryna Gurevych , Johannes Fürnkranz