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Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly popular in pervasive computing due to their versatility and strong performance. However, despite their ubiquitous use, the exact mechanisms underlying their outstanding performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Alhassan Abdelhalim , Janick Edinger , Sören Laue , Michaela Regneri

Over the past three decades, the logic programming paradigm has been successfully expanded to support probabilistic modeling, inference and learning. The resulting paradigm of probabilistic logic programming (PLP) and its programming…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt , Angelika Kimmig

Provability logic GLP is well-known to be incomplete w.r.t. Kripke semantics. A natural topological semantics of GLP interprets modalities as derivative operators of a polytopological space. Such spaces satisfying all the axioms of GLP are…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-02-19 Lev D. Beklemishev , David Gabelaia

Large Language Models (LLMs) play a crucial role in capturing structured semantics to enhance language understanding, improve interpretability, and reduce bias. Nevertheless, an ongoing controversy exists over the extent to which LLMs can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Ning Cheng , Zhaohui Yan , Ziming Wang , Zhijie Li , Jiaming Yu , Zilong Zheng , Kewei Tu , Jinan Xu , Wenjuan Han

We study abstract intermediate justification logics, that is arbitrary intermediate propositional logics extended with a subset of specific axioms of (classical) justification logics. For these, we introduce various semantics by combining…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-08-18 Nicholas Pischke

We introduce the logic $\sf ITL^e$, an intuitionistic temporal logic based on structures $(W,\preccurlyeq,S)$, where $\preccurlyeq$ is used to interpret intuitionistic implication and $S$ is a $\preccurlyeq$-monotone function used to…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-04-11 Joseph Boudou , Martín Diéguez , David Fernández-Duque

We prove strong completeness results for some modal logics with the universal modality, with respect to their topological semantics over 0-dimensional dense-in-themselves metric spaces. We also use failure of compactness to show that, for…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Robert Goldblatt , Ian Hodkinson

We extend the meet-implication fragment of propositional intuitionistic logic with a meet-preserving modality. We give semantics based on semilattices and a duality result with a suitable notion of descriptive frame. As a consequence we…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Jim de Groot , Dirk Pattinson

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but they exhibit problems with logical consistency in the output they generate. How can we harness LLMs' broad-coverage…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Bradley P. Allen , Prateek Chhikara , Thomas Macaulay Ferguson , Filip Ilievski , Paul Groth

Recent years have seen important advances in the building of interpretable models, machine learning models that are designed to be easily understood by humans. In this work, we show that large language models (LLMs) are remarkably good at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Sebastian Bordt , Ben Lengerich , Harsha Nori , Rich Caruana

We focus on the persistence principle over weak interpretability logic. Our object of study is the logic obtained by adding the persistence principle to weak interpretability logic from several perspectives. Firstly, we prove that this…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Sohei Iwata , Taishi Kurahashi , Yuya Okawa

In previous work [Lewitzka, Log. J. IGPL 2017], we presented a hierarchy of classical modal systems, along with algebraic semantics, for the reasoning about intuitionistic truth, belief and knowledge. Deviating from G\"odel's interpretation…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Steffen Lewitzka

Two lines of approaches are adopted for complex reasoning with LLMs. One line of work prompts LLMs with various reasoning structures, while the structural outputs can be naturally regarded as intermediate reasoning steps. Another line of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Sen Yang , Xin Li , Leyang Cui , Lidong Bing , Wai Lam

The paper presents probabilistic extensions of interval temporal logic (ITL) and duration calculus (DC) with infinite intervals and complete Hilbert-style proof systems for them. The completeness results are a strong completeness theorem…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Dimitar P. Guelev

The provability logic of a theory T is the set of modal formulas, which under any arithmetical realization are provable in T . We slightly modify this notion by requiring the arithmetical realizations to come from a specified set $\Gamma$.…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-06-19 Thomas F. Icard , Joost J. Joosten

Semantic knowledge graphs are foundational to implementing the FAIR Principles, yet RDF/OWL representations often lack the semantic flexibility and cognitive interoperability required in scientific domains. We present a novel framework for…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Lars Vogt

LTL3 is a multi-valued variant of Linear-time Temporal Logic for runtime verification applications. The semantic descriptions of LTL3 in previous work are given only in terms of the relationship to conventional LTL. Our approach, by…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Rayhana Amjad , Rob van Glabbeek , Liam O'Connor

This work is the first exploration of proof-theoretic semantics for a substructural logic. It focuses on the base-extension semantics (B-eS) for intuitionistic multiplicative linear logic (IMLL). The starting point is a review of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Alexander V. Gheorghiu , Tao Gu , David J. Pym

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential for domain-specific applications, such as the law domain. However, recent disputes over GPT-4's law evaluation raise questions concerning their performance in real-world legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ruihao Shui , Yixin Cao , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

In 1933, G\"odel considered two modal approaches to describing provability. One captured formal provability and resulted in the logic GL and Solovay's Completeness Theorem. The other was based on the modal logic S4 and led to Artemov's…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-05-13 Elena Nogina