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(Abridged) Some supernovae (SNe) may be powered by the interaction of the SN ejecta with a large amount of circumstellar matter (CSM). Here we outline a method to measure the mass of the optically thick CSM around such SNe. We present…

We present a model for the hydrodynamics of a relativistic jet interacting with the circum-stellar medium (CSM). The shocked CSM and the jet material are assumed to be in an infinitely thin surface, so the original 2D problem is effectively…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-22 Wenbin Lu , Paz Beniamini , Austin McDowell

Using the one-dimensional stellar evolution code MESA, we find that all our models in the initial mass range of 12-40 Mo, regardless of whether they have hydrogen-rich, hydrogen-stripped, or helium+hydrogen-stripped envelopes, have at least…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-03 Nikki Yat Ning Wang , Dmitry Shishkin , Noam Soker

Highly relativistic jets are a key element of current gamma-ray burst models, where the jet kinetic energy is converted to radiation energy at optically thin shocks. High-energy neutrinos are also expected, from interactions of protons…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Shunsaku Horiuchi , Shin'ichiro Ando

We show how the dense shells of circumstellar gas immediately outside the red supergiants (RSGs) can affect the early optical light curves of Type II-P SNe taking the example of SN 2013ej. The peak in V, R and I bands, decline rate after…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-10-25 Sanskriti Das , Alak Ray

Heavy nuclei such as nickel-56 are synthesized in a wide range of core-collapse supernovae (CCSN), including energetic supernovae associated with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Recent studies suggest that jet-like outflows are a common feature of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-23 Shunsaku Horiuchi , Kohta Murase , Kunihito Ioka , Peter Meszaros

In a supernova explosion, the ejecta interacting with the surrounding circumstellar medium (CSM) give rise to variety of radiation. Since CSM is created from the mass lost from the progenitor star, it carries footprints of the late time…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-01-24 Poonam Chandra

A significant fraction of supernovae show signatures of dense circumstellar material (CSM). While multiple scenarios for creating a dense CSM exist, mass eruption due to injection of energy at the base of the outer envelope is a likely…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 Takatoshi Ko , Daichi Tsuna , Yuki Takei , Toshikazu Shigeyama

A new class of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) has been discovered in recent years by optical/infrared surveys; these SNe suggest the presence of one or more extremely dense (~10^5-10^11 cm^-3) shells of circumstellar material (CSM) on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-11-07 Kohta Murase , Todd A. Thompson , Brian C. Lacki , John F. Beacom

After the detection of GRB 170817A, the first unambiguous off-axis gamma-ray burst (GRB), several studies tried to understand the structure of GRB jets. The initial jet structure (directly produced by the central engine) can be partially…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-07 Gerardo Urrutia , Fabio De Colle , Diego López-Cámara

The most popular model for short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) involves the coalescence of binary neutron stars. Because the progenitor is actually hidden from view, we must consider under which circumstances such merging systems are capable of…

We investigate the evolution of red supergiant (RSG) progenitors of core-collapse (CC) supernovae (SNe) with initial masses between $12-20~M_\odot$ focusing on the effects of enhanced mass loss due to pulsation-driven instabilities in their…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-03 Sutirtha Sengupta , Das Sujit , Arkaprabha Sarangi

Circumstellar interaction of supernova (SN) ejecta is an essential process in its evolution and observations of SNe have found the signature of circumstellar interaction both in the early and late evolutionary phase of SNe. In this Letter,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-14 Tomoki Matsuoka , Keiichi Maeda , Ke-Jung Chen

In a substantial number of core-collapse supernovae, early-time interaction indicates a dense circumstellar medium (CSM) that may be produced by outbursts from the progenitor star. Wave-driven mass loss is a possible mechanism to produce…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-12 Samantha Wu , Jim Fuller

We conduct three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of core-collapse supernova (CCSN) explosion driven by jets in the framework of the jittering jets explosion mechanism (JJEM), and obtain a pair of opposite circum-jet rings similar to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-01 Muhammad Akashi , Noam Soker

Evidence is mounting that recent multiwavelength detections of fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) in star-forming galaxies comprise a new class of transients, whose origin is yet to be understood. We show that hydrogen-rich collapsing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-22 Ore Gottlieb , Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Raffaella Margutti

We show that turbulence in core collapse supernovae (CCSNe) which has been shown recently to ease shock revival might also lead to the formation of intermittent thick accretion disks, or accretion belts, around the newly born neutron star…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Avishai Gilkis , Noam Soker

I estimate some typical properties of the jittering jets explosion mechanism (JJEM) to distinguish it from competing supernova explosion models. From the imprints of jittering jets in the outskirts of some CCSN remnants, I estimate the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-10 Noam Soker

Gamma Ray Bursts as recent GRB990123 and GRB990510 are observed to occur in cosmic volumes with a corresponding output reaching, for isotropic explosions, energies as large as two solar masses annihilation. These energies are underestimated…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniele Fargion

I examine the assumption that the jets that shape the axisymmetrical morphological features of core collapse supernova (CCSN) remnants are post-kick jets, i.e., the neutron star (NS) launches these jets after the explosion and after it…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-08 Noam Soker