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The three dimensional black hole solutions of Ba\~nados, Teitelboim and Zanelli (BTZ) are dimensionally reduced in various different ways. Solutions are obtained to the Jackiw-Teitelboim theory of two dimensional gravity for spinless BTZ…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Ana Achúcarro , Miguel Ortiz

Generalizations of the Black Hole geometry of Ba\~nados, Teitelboim and Zanelli (BTZ) are presented. The theory is three-dimensional vacuum Einstein theory with a negative cosmological constant. The $n$-black-hole solution has $n$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-30 Dieter R. Brill

We obtain rotating black hole solutions to the novel 3D Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity recently proposed. These solutions generalize the BTZ metric and are not of constant curvature. They possess an ergoregion and outer horizon, but do not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-03 Robie A. Hennigar , David Kubiznak , Robert B. Mann

In their seminal 1992 paper, Ba\~{n}ados, Teitelboim and Zanelli (BTZ) proposed a simple charged generalization of what is now known as the spinning BTZ black hole, the proposal being that a rotating metric can be supported by a `static…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-09 Tomáš Hale , Brayden R. Hull , David Kubizňák , Robert B. Mann , Jana Menšíková

We consider the $D\to 3$ limit of Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We find two distinct but similar versions of the theory and obtain black hole solutions for each. For one theory the solution is an interesting generalization of the BTZ black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-05 Robie A. Hennigar , David Kubiznak , Robert B. Mann , Christopher Pollack

The regularization procedure for getting the four-dimensional nontrivial Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet effective description of gravity and its Lovelock generalization has been recently developed. Here we propose the regularization for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-04 R. A. Konoplya , A. Zhidenko

As argued in arXiv:2104.10172, introducing a non-minimally coupled scalar field, three-dimensional Einstein gravity can be extended by infinite families of theories which admit simple analytic generalizations of the charged BTZ black hole.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-26 Pablo Bueno , Oscar Lasso Andino , Javier Moreno , Guido van der Velde

We use the Noether symmetry approach to find $f(R)$ theory of $(2+1)$ dimensional gravity and $(2+1)$ dimensional black hole solution consistent with this $f(R)$ gravity and the associated symmetry. We obtain $f({R})=D_1…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 F. Darabi , K. Atazadeh , A. Rezaei-Aghdam

We proceed to investigate the solutions of generalized supergravity equations (GSE) in three dimensions. Our candidate is the metric of BTZ black hole. It is shown that only the cases with $J=M=0$ and $J=0,~ M\neq 0$ of the BTZ metric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-02-19 Ali Eghbali , Simin Ghasemi-Sorkhabi , Adel Rezaei-Aghdam

We find a plethora of new analytic black holes and globally regular horizonless spacetimes in three dimensions. The solutions involve a single real scalar field $\phi$ which always admits a magnetic-like expression proportional to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-07 Pablo Bueno , Pablo A. Cano , Javier Moreno , Guido van der Velde

The well-known $(2+1)$-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom (BTZ) black hole can be generalized to three dimensional Einstein-nonlinear electromagnetic field, motivated from obtaining a finite value for the self-energy of a pointlike charge.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-05-21 S. H. Hendi

We consider the Generalized Minimal Massive Gravity (GMMG) model in the first order formalism. We show that all the solutions of the Einstein gravity with negative cosmological constants solve the equations of motion of considered model.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-03 M. R. Setare , H. Adami

A number of three-dimensional (3D) gravity models, such as 3D conformal gravity, admit "exotic" black hole solutions: the metric is the same as the BTZ metric of 3D Einstein gravity but with reversed roles for mass and angular momentum, and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-06-07 Paul K. Townsend , Baocheng Zhang

In this work, we revisit a recently reported generalization of the Ba\~nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli black hole arising in New Massive Gravity sourced by the quantum fluctuations of scalar matter, now examined through the lens of a purely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-04 Julio A. Méndez-Zavaleta , Efraín Rojas , José Joaquín Suárez-Garibay

We investigate the structure of the gravity-induced Generalized Uncertainty Principle in three dimensions. The subtleties of lower dimensional gravity, and its important differences with respect to four and higher dimensions, are duly taken…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-05-06 Alfredo Iorio , Gaetano Lambiase , Pablo Pais , Fabio Scardigli

We consider static circularly symmetric solution of three-dimensional Einstein's equations with negative cosmological constant (the BTZ black hole). The case of zero cosmological constant corresponding to the interior region of a black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 G. de Berredo-Peixoto , M. O. Katanaev

This note is based on a talk given by one of the authors (S. D.) at the "Rencontres Math\'ematiques de Glanon", held in Glanon in July 2004. We will first introduce the BTZ black hole, solution of Einstein's gravity in 2+1 dimensions, and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Bieliavsky , S. Detournay , M. Rooman , Ph. Spindel

We present a new solution in Einstein's General Relativity representing a Schwarzschild black hole immersed in a rotating universe. Such a solution is constructed analytically by means of the last unexplored Lie point symmetry of the Ernst…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-08 Marco Astorino , Riccardo Martelli , Adriano Viganò

The well-known BTZ black hole solution of (2+1) Einstein's gravity, in the presence of a cosmological constant, is treated both at the classical and quantum level. Classically, the imposition of the two manifest local Killing fields of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 T. Christodoulakis , N. Dimakis , Petros A. Terzis , G. Doulis

We reviewed the Ba\u nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole solution in connection with the spinning string solution. We find a new exact solution, which can be related to the $(2+1)$-dimensional spinning point particle solution. There…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-18 Reinoud J. Slagter , Jebin Larosh
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