Related papers: Contextuality and Noncontextuality Measures and Ge…
We discuss three measures of the degree of contextuality in contextual systems of dichotomous random variables. These measures are developed within the framework of the Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory, and apply to inconsistently…
The Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory allows one to separate contextuality from context-dependent errors and violations of selective influences (aka "no-signaling" or "no-disturbance" principles). This makes the theory especially…
Most behavioral and social experiments aimed at revealing contextuality are confined to cyclic systems with binary outcomes. In quantum physics, this broad class of systems includes as special cases Klyachko-Can-Binicioglu-Shumovsky-type,…
Beginning with the Bell theorem, cyclic systems of dichotomous random variables have been the object of many foundational findings in quantum mechanics. Here, we ask the question: if one chooses a cyclic system "at random" (uniformly within…
The Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory allows one to separate contextuality from context-dependent errors and violations of selective influences (aka "no-signaling" or "no-disturbance" principles). This makes the theory especially…
The results of behavioral experiments typically exhibit inconsistent connectedness, i.e., they violate the condition known as "no-signaling," "no-disturbance," or "marginal selectivity." This prevents one from evaluating these experiments…
This is a non-technical introduction into theory of contextuality. More precisely, it presents the basics of a theory of contextuality called Contextuality-by-Default (CbD). One of the main tenets of CbD is that the identity of a random…
A primary goal in recent research on contextuality has been to extend this concept to cases of inconsistent connectedness, where observables have different distributions in different contexts. This article proposes a solution within the…
Contextuality was originally defined only for consistently connected systems of random variables (those without disturbance/signaling). Contextuality-by-Default theory (CbD) offers an extension of the notion of contextuality to…
Contextuality and entanglement are valuable resources for quantum computing and quantum information. Bell inequalities are used to certify entanglement; thus, it is important to understand why and how they are violated. Quantum mechanics…
We present a formal theory of contextuality for a set of random variables grouped into different subsets (contexts) corresponding to different, mutually incompatible conditions. Within each context the random variables are jointly…
Let random vectors $R^c=\{R_p^c:p\in P_c\}$ represent joint measurements of certain subsets $P_c$ of properties $p\in P$ in different contexts $c\in C$. Such a system is traditionally called noncontextual if there exists a jointly…
We show that the main idea behind contextuality-by-default (CbD), i.e., the assumption that a physical measurement has to be understood as a contextual collection of random variables, is implicit in the compatibility-hypergraph approach to…
In quantum physics there are well-known situations when measurements of the same property in different contexts (under different conditions) have the same probability distribution, but cannot be represented by one and the same random…
This paper provides a systematic yet accessible presentation of the Contextuality-by-Default theory. The consideration is confined to finite systems of categorical random variables, which allows us to focus on the basics of the theory…
Contextuality is usually defined as absence of a joint distribution for a set of measurements (random variables) with known joint distributions of some of its subsets. However, if these subsets of measurements are not disjoint,…
Contextuality means non-existence of a joint distribution for random variables recorded under mutually incompatible conditions, subject to certain constraints imposed on how the identity of these variables may change across these…
The notion of (non)contextuality pertains to sets of properties measured one subset (context) at a time. We extend this notion to include so-called inconsistently connected systems, in which the measurements of a given property in different…
Recent crowdsourcing experiments have shown that true contextuality of the kind found in quantum mechanics can also be present in human behavior. In these experiments simple human choices were aggregated over large numbers of respondents,…
The Contextuality-by-Default approach to determining and measuring the (non)contextuality of a system of random variables requires that every random variable in the system be represented by an equivalent set of dichotomous random variables.…