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The strong ellipticity dependence of high-harmonic generation in gases enables numerous experimental techniques that are nowadays routinely used, for instance, to create isolated attosecond pulses. Extending such techniques to high-harmonic…

We introduce two-color counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields as a new way to spectrally control high harmonic generation (HHG) from relativistic plasma mirrors. Through particle-in-cell simulations, we show that only a selected…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-04-13 Zi-Yu Chen

Multi-technique high resolution X-ray mapping enhanced by the recent advent of 4th generation synchrotron facilities can produce colossal datasets, challenging traditional analysis methods. Such difficulty is clearly materialized when…

High-harmonic spectroscopy in solids gives insight into the inner workings of solids, such as reconstructing band structures or probing the topological phase of materials. High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a highly non-linear phenomena and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Asger Weeth , Lars Bojer Madsen

The occurrence of biological homochirality is attributed to symmetry breaking mechanisms which are still debatable1. Studies of symmetry breaking require tools for monitoring the population ratios of individual chiral nano-objects, such as…

Optics · Physics 2018-08-20 Eitam Vinegrad , Uri Hananel , Gil Markovich , Ori Cheshnovsky

The interaction between intense light-matter not only promotes emerging applications in quantum and nonlinear optics but also facilitates changes in material properties. Plasmons can significantly enhance not only molecular chirality but…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-03 Nan Gao , Haoran Liu , Yurui Fang

To clarify the microscopic origin of chirality-induced optical effect, we develop an analytical method that extracts the chiral part of the Hamiltonian of molecular electronic states. We demonstrate this method in a model chiral molecule…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-04 Akihito Kato , Nobuhiko Yokoshi

The generation of high-order harmonics in a medium of chiral molecules driven by intense bi-elliptical laser fields can lead to strong chiroptical response in a broad range of harmonic numbers and ellipticities [D. Ayuso et al, J. Phys. B…

Optics · Physics 2018-07-04 David Ayuso , Piero Decleva , Serguei Patchkovskii , Olga Smirnova

In equilibrium liquid crystals, chirality leads to a variety of spectacular three-dimensional structures, but chiral and achiral phases with the same broken continuous symmetries have identical long-time, large-scale dynamics. In this…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-23 S. J. Kole , Gareth P. Alexander , Sriram Ramaswamy , Ananyo Maitra

Recently, chiral structured illumination microscopy has been proposed to image fluorescent chiral domains at sub-wavelength resolution. Chiral structured illumination microscopy is based on the combination of structured illumination…

Optics · Physics 2021-07-28 Shiang-Yu Huang , Ankit Kumar Singh , Jer-Shing Huang

We study a crystal composed of active units governed by self-alignment and chirality. The first mechanism acts as an effective torque that aligns the particle orientation with its velocity, while the second drives individual particles along…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-14 Marco Musacchio , Alexander P. Antonov , Hartmut Löwen , Lorenzo Caprini

We explore the impact of spatiotemporal couplings (STCs) on high-order harmonic generation (HHG) driven by spatiotemporal vortex beams. Our investigation demonstrates how STCs shape key properties of the generated harmonic beams, including…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 C. Granados , Bikash K. Das , M. Ciappina , W . Gao

We present the new planar extrinsic chirality metamaterial (ECM) design that manifests giant circular dichroism (CD) in the visible spectrum range rather than usual near-infrared and terahertz range. Effects of incident beam angles and…

Optics · Physics 2012-03-21 Seoungjun Lee , Zengbo Wang , Cheng Feng , Jiao Jiao , Ashfaq Khan , Lin Li

Chirality manifests in various forms in nature. However, there is no evidence of the chirality in one-dimensional charge density wave (CDW) systems. Here, we have explored the chirality among quasi-one-dimensional CDW ground states with the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-30 Sun-Woo Kim , Hyun-Jung Kim , Sangmo Cheon , Tae-Hwan Kim

The PhD thesis is devoted to the study of second harmonic generation of narrow beams in photonic crystals. The basic idea is that if both frequencies, the fundamental and second harmonics are in the region of self-collimation, then the…

Optics · Physics 2013-11-06 Cristian Nistor

Recent studies have demonstrated that the polarization states of high harmonics from solids can differ from those of the driving pulses. To gain insights on the microscopic origin of this behavior, we perform one-particle intraband-only…

Circular dichroism is widely used for characterizing organic and biological materials, but measurements at a single molecule level are challenging because differences in absorption for opposite helicities are small. Here we show that…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-01-23 A. Yokoyama , M. Yoshida , A. Ishii , Y. K. Kato

The use of biomaterials - with techniques such as DNA-directed assembly or bio-directed synthesis - can surpass top-down fabrication techniques in creating plasmonic superstructures, in terms of spatial resolution, range of functionality…

We theoretically investigate the optical activity of three dimensional Dirac semimetals (DSMs) using circular dichroism (CD). We show that DSMs in the presence of a magnetic field in any one of the mirror-symmetric planes of the materials…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-03-16 Abhirup Roy Karmakar , S. Nandy , G. P. Das , Kush Saha

Dark-field illumination is shown to make planar chiral nanoparticle arrangements exhibit circular dichroism in extinction analogous to true chiral scatterers. Circular dichrosim is experimentally observed at the maximum scattering of single…