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Verifying the robustness property of a general Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) network is an NP-complete problem [Katz, Barrett, Dill, Julian and Kochenderfer CAV17]. Although finding the exact minimum adversarial distortion is hard, giving a…

Deep neural networks' remarkable ability to correctly fit training data when optimized by gradient-based algorithms is yet to be fully understood. Recent theoretical results explain the convergence for ReLU networks that are wider than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Asaf Noy , Yi Xu , Yonathan Aflalo , Lihi Zelnik-Manor , Rong Jin

We solve large-scale mixed-integer linear programs (MILPs) via distributed asynchronous saddle point computation. This is motivated by the MILPs being able to model problems in multi-agent autonomy, e.g., task assignment problems and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-23 Luke Fina , Matthew Hale

The robustness of deep neural networks has received significant interest recently, especially when being deployed in safety-critical systems, as it is important to analyze how sensitive the model output is under input perturbations. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Zhilu Wang , Chao Huang , Qi Zhu

By exploiting the correlation between the structure and the solution of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP), Machine Learning (ML) has become a promising method for solving large-scale MILP problems. Existing ML-based MILP solvers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yixuan Li , Can Chen , Jiajun Li , Jiahui Duan , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Vincent Chau , Weiwei Wu , Wanyuan Wang

Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs) have been shown to ameliorate the vanishing gradient problem, allow for efficient backpropagation, and empirically promote sparsity in the learned parameters. They have led to state-of-the-art results in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-30 Xingyuan Pan , Vivek Srikumar

We study the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) dual, an existing dual formulation for stochastic programs that reformulates non-anticipativity constraints using ReLU functions to generate tight, non-convex, and mixed-integer representable cuts.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Akul Bansal , Simge Küçükyavuz

Mixed-integer linear programs (MILPs) are extensively used to model practical problems such as planning and scheduling. A prominent method for solving MILPs is large neighborhood search (LNS), which iteratively seeks improved solutions…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-12 Wenbo Liu , Akang Wang , Wenguo Yang , Qingjiang Shi

While Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is NP-hard in general, practical MILP has received roughly 100--fold speedup in the past twenty years. Still, many classes of MILPs quickly become unsolvable as their sizes increase, motivating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Ziang Chen , Jialin Liu , Xinshang Wang , Jianfeng Lu , Wotao Yin

Embedding deep neural networks (NNs) into mixed-integer programs (MIPs) is attractive for decision making with learned constraints, yet state-of-the-art monolithic linearisations blow up in size and quickly become intractable. In this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Shuli Zeng , Sijia Zhang , Feng Wu , Shaojie Tang , Xiang-Yang Li

Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) are highly flexible and powerful tools for modeling and solving complex real-world combinatorial optimization problems. Recently, machine learning (ML)-guided approaches have demonstrated significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Junyang Cai , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina

In this paper, we focus on fully connected deep neural networks utilizing the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation function for nonparametric estimation. We derive non-asymptotic bounds that lead to convergence rates, addressing both…

Besides training, mathematical optimization is also used in deep learning to model and solve formulations over trained neural networks for purposes such as verification, compression, and optimization with learned constraints. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Jiatai Tong , Junyang Cai , Thiago Serra

In the past decade, deep learning became the prevalent methodology for predictive modeling thanks to the remarkable accuracy of deep neural networks in tasks such as computer vision and natural language processing. Meanwhile, the structure…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Joey Huchette , Gonzalo Muñoz , Thiago Serra , Calvin Tsay

Deploying deep learning models, comprising of non-linear combination of millions, even billions, of parameters is challenging given the memory, power and compute constraints of the real world. This situation has led to research into model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Muhammad A. Shah , Raphael Olivier , Bhiksha Raj

In spite of finite dimension ReLU neural networks being a consistent factor behind recent deep learning successes, a theory of feature learning in these models remains elusive. Currently, insightful theories still rely on assumptions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Devon Jarvis , Richard Klein , Benjamin Rosman , Andrew M. Saxe

Model reduction, which aims to learn a simpler model of the original mixed integer linear programming (MILP), can solve large-scale MILP problems much faster. Most existing model reduction methods are based on variable reduction, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jiajun Li , Yixuan Li , Ran Hou , Yu Ding , Shisi Guan , Jiahui Duan , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Vincent Chau , Weiwei Wu , Wanyuan Wang

Influence diagrams represent decision-making problems with interdependencies between random events, decisions, and consequences. Traditionally, they have been solved using algorithms that determine the expected utility-maximizing decision…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Topias Terho , Fabricio Oliveira , Ahti Salo , Pedro Munari

Compared to legacy wavelength division multiplexing networks, elastic optical networks (EON) have added flexibility to network deployment and management. EONs can include previously available technology, such as signal regeneration and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-12-30 Xu Wang , Maite Brandt-Pearce , Suresh Subramaniam

Trained ML models are commonly embedded in optimization problems. In many cases, this leads to large-scale NLPs that are difficult to solve to global optimality. While ML models frequently lead to large problems, they also exhibit…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Artur M. Schweidtmann , Dominik Bongartz , Alexander Mitsos