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In this article, we review a general theoretical framework of thermodynamics of information on the basis of Bayesian networks. This framework can describe a broad class of nonequilibrium dynamics of multiple interacting systems with complex…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-07-23 Sosuke Ito , Takahiro Sagawa

We present an axiomatic framework for thermodynamics that incorporates information as a fundamental concept. The axioms describe both ordinary thermodynamic processes and those in which information is acquired, used and erased, as in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-09 Austin Hulse , Benjamin Schumacher , Michael D. Westmoreland

We study the stochastic dynamics of Brownian particles in a heat bath and subject to an active feedback control by an external, Maxwell's demon-like agent. The agent uses the information of the velocity of a particle and reduces its thermal…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kyung Hyuk Kim , Hong Qian

Maxwell's demons work by rectifying thermal fluctuations. They are not expected to function at macroscopic scales where fluctuations become negligible and dynamics become deterministic. We propose an electronic implementation of an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-05 Nahuel Freitas , Massimiliano Esposito

Quantum-dot systems serve as nanoscale heat engines exploiting thermal fluctuations to perform a useful task. Here, we investigate a multi-terminal triple-dot system, operating as a refrigerator that extracts heat from a cold electronic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Juliette Monsel , Matteo Acciai , Didrik Palmqvist , Nicolas Chiabrando , Rafael Sánchez , Janine Splettstoesser

The emerging field of quantum thermodynamics is beginning to reveal the intriguing role that information can play in quantum thermal engines. Information enters as a resource when considering feedback-controlled thermal machines. While both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Lindsay Bassman Oftelie , Michele Campisi

We consider overdamped physical systems evolving under a feedback-controlled fluctuating potential and in contact with a thermal bath at temperature $T$. A Markovian description of the dynamics, which keeps only the last value of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-12 Natalia Ruiz-Pino , Antonio Prados

Thermodynamics establishes that information acquired through measurement can be converted into work, as exemplified by Maxwell's demon and Szilard engines. Most experimental realizations of information engines, however, implicitly assume…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-09 Lokesh Muruga , Felix Ginot , Sarah A. M. Loos , Clemens Bechinger

Adiabatic measurements, followed by feedback and erasure protocols, have often been considered as a model to embody Maxwell's Demon paradox and to study the interplay between thermodynamics and information processing. Such studies have led…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Shintaro Minagawa , M. Hamed Mohammady , Kenta Sakai , Kohtaro Kato , Francesco Buscemi

We expand the standard thermodynamic framework of a system coupled to a thermal reservoir by considering a stream of independently prepared units repeatedly put into contact with the system. These units can be in any nonequilibrium state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-12 Philipp Strasberg , Gernot Schaller , Tobias Brandes , Massimiliano Esposito

The resolution of the Maxwell's demon paradox linked thermodynamics with information theory through information erasure principle. By considering a demon endowed with a Turing-machine consisting of a memory tape and a processor, we attempt…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-11-30 Akio Hosoya , Koji Maruyama , Yutaka Shikano

Brownian information engines can extract work from thermal fluctuations by utilizing information. So far, the studies on Brownian information engines consider the system in a thermal bath; however, many processes in nature occur in a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-26 Govind Paneru , Sandipan Dutta , Hyuk Kyu Pak

There is a deep connection between thermodynamics, information and work extraction. Ever since the birth of thermodynamics, various types of Maxwell demons have been introduced in order to deepen our understanding of the second law. Thanks…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-08-14 Francesco Caravelli

Second law of thermodynamics can be apparently violated for systems whose dynamics depends on acquired information by measurement. However, when one consider measurement and erasure process together along with the system it saves the second…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-08 Shubhashis Rana , A. M. Jayannavar

We identify that quantum coherence is a valuable resource in the quantum heat engine, which is designed in a quantum thermodynamic cycle assisted by a quantum Maxwell's demon. This demon is in a superposed state. The quantum work and heat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Yun-Hao Shi , Hai-Long Shi , Xiao-Hui Wang , Ming-Liang Hu , Si-Yuan Liu , Wen-Li Yang , Heng Fan

While most of the existing quantum information engines assisted by Maxwell's demon harness thermal fluctuations, those that rectify only quantum fluctuations have recently been constructed. We propose an alternative type of quantum…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-24 Kangqiao Liu , Masaya Nakagawa , Masahito Ueda

Thermodynamic principles governing energy and information are important tools for a deeper understanding and better control of quantum systems. In this work, we experimentally investigate the interplay of the thermodynamic costs and…

Autonomous Maxwell demon is a new type of information engine proposed by Mandal and Jarzynski, which can produce work by exploiting an information tape. Here, we show that a stochastic resetting mechanism can be used to improve the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-27 Ruicheng Bao , Zhiyu Cao , Jiming Zheng , Zhonghuai Hou

Recently, in a letter to Nature, del Rio et al.8 exploited the quantum viewpoint of the old but well-known thought experiment of Maxwell's demon, a tiny "man-machine" that processes only a single unit of information. In their work, they…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-21 Alexandre de Castro

After presenting possible motives for fighting against the second law of thermodynamics, several attempts to beat this law are analyzed. The second law wins, but an interesting interpretation of it emerges. This interpretation uses the…

adap-org · Physics 2015-06-30 Jorge Berger