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Designing rewards for autonomous cyber attack and defense learning agents in a complex, dynamic environment is a challenging task for subject matter experts. We propose a large language model (LLM)-based reward design approach to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Sayak Mukherjee , Samrat Chatterjee , Emilie Purvine , Ted Fujimoto , Tegan Emerson

Recent progress on large language models (LLMs) has enabled dialogue agents to generate highly naturalistic and plausible text. However, current LLM language generation focuses on responding accurately to questions and requests with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Joey Hong , Jessica Lin , Anca Dragan , Sergey Levine

Deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) is a combination of deep learning with reinforcement learning principles to create efficient methods that can learn by interacting with its environment. This has led to breakthroughs in many complex…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-25 Thejan Rajapakshe , Siddique Latif , Rajib Rana , Sara Khalifa , Björn W. Schuller

We introduce a framework that abstracts Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a sequence modeling problem. This allows us to draw upon the simplicity and scalability of the Transformer architecture, and associated advances in language modeling…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for aligning large language models (LLMs) knowledge with sequential decision-making tasks. However, few studies have thoroughly investigated the impact on LLM agents capabilities of…

This paper presents 'SimpleDS', a simple and publicly available dialogue system trained with deep reinforcement learning. In contrast to previous reinforcement learning dialogue systems, this system avoids manual feature engineering by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Heriberto Cuayáhuitl

In this work, we introduce Reinforcement Pre-Training (RPT) as a new scaling paradigm for large language models and reinforcement learning (RL). Specifically, we reframe next-token prediction as a reasoning task trained using RL, where it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Qingxiu Dong , Li Dong , Yao Tang , Tianzhu Ye , Yutao Sun , Zhifang Sui , Furu Wei

Recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL) largely benefit from the inclusion of Deep Neural Networks, boosting the number of novel approaches proposed in the field of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). These techniques demonstrate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Giovanni Dispoto , Paolo Bonetti , Marcello Restelli

In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (RL)-based precoding framework that can be used to learn an optimal precoding policy for complex multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) precoding problems. We model the precoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Heunchul Lee , Maksym Girnyk , Jaeseong Jeong

Conversational Tree Search (V\"ath et al., 2023) is a recent approach to controllable dialog systems, where domain experts shape the behavior of a Reinforcement Learning agent through a dialog tree. The agent learns to efficiently navigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Dirk Väth , Lindsey Vanderlyn , Ngoc Thang Vu

Communicating in natural language is a powerful tool in multi-agent settings, as it enables independent agents to share information in partially observable settings and allows zero-shot coordination with humans. However, most prior works…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Bidipta Sarkar , Warren Xia , C. Karen Liu , Dorsa Sadigh

Neural dialog state trackers are generally limited due to the lack of quantity and diversity of annotated training data. In this paper, we address this difficulty by proposing a reinforcement learning (RL) based framework for data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Yichun Yin , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Xiao Chen , Qun Liu

Reinforcement Learning is an area of Machine Learning focused on how agents can be trained to make sequential decisions, and achieve a particular goal within an arbitrary environment. While learning, they repeatedly take actions based on…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a promising approach for solving various control, optimization, and sequential decision making tasks. However, designing reward functions for complex tasks (e.g., with multiple objectives and safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Xuan Zhao , Marcos Campos

Recent work has shown that reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach to control dynamical systems described by partial differential equations (PDE). This paper shows how to use RL to tackle more general PDE control problems that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Yangchen Pan , Amir-massoud Farahmand , Martha White , Saleh Nabi , Piyush Grover , Daniel Nikovski

Reinforcement learning is a powerful technique for learning from trial and error, but it often requires a large number of interactions to achieve good performance. In some domains, such as sparse-reward tasks, an oracle that can provide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Zhourui Guo , Meng Yao , Yang Yu , Qiyue Yin

Temporal reasoning over long, multi-session dialogues is a critical capability for conversational agents. However, existing works and our pilot study have shown that as dialogue histories grow in length and accumulate noise, current…

We introduce the first goal-driven training for visual question answering and dialog agents. Specifically, we pose a cooperative 'image guessing' game between two agents -- Qbot and Abot -- who communicate in natural language dialog so that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Abhishek Das , Satwik Kottur , José M. F. Moura , Stefan Lee , Dhruv Batra

With the development of deep representation learning, the domain of reinforcement learning (RL) has become a powerful learning framework now capable of learning complex policies in high dimensional environments. This review summarises deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 B Ravi Kiran , Ibrahim Sobh , Victor Talpaert , Patrick Mannion , Ahmad A. Al Sallab , Senthil Yogamani , Patrick Pérez

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful machine learning technique that enables an intelligent agent to learn an optimal policy that maximizes the cumulative rewards in sequential decision making. Most of methods in the existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-06 Chengchun Shi , Zhengling Qi , Jianing Wang , Fan Zhou
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