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In the same manner that free-space propagation and curved glass lenses are used to shape the spatial properties of light, a combination of chromatic dispersion and devices known as time lenses may be used to reshape its temporal properties.…
One of the greatest challenges in utilizing multimode optical fibers is mode-mixing and inter-modal interference, which scramble the information delivered by the fiber. A common approach for canceling these effects is to tailor the optical…
The engineering of the optical properties of materials in space and time is opening further directions and possibilities to control wave propagation in four dimensions (x,y,z,t). A key example of such modulations are time interfaces where…
Beam manipulation is of paramount importance in wave engineering, enabling diverse beam shapes like pencil beams, flat-top beams, and isoflux beams to cater to various application missions. Among the beams, shaping flat-top and isoflux…
The application of transformation optics to the development of intriguing electromagnetic devices can produce weakly anisotropic or isotropic media with the assistance of quasi-conformal and/or conformal mapping, as opposed to the strongly…
Waveform shaping and frequency synthesis based on waveform modulation is ubiquitous in electronics, telecommunication technology, and optics. For optical waveforms, the carrier frequency is on the order of several hundred THz, while the…
Temporal modulation of components of electromagnetic systems provides an exceptional opportunity to engineer the response of those systems in a desired fashion, both in the time and frequency domains. For engineering time-modulated systems,…
We present an optical method to measure radio-frequency electro-optic phase modulation profiles by employing spectrum-to-time mapping realized by highly chirped optical pulses. We directly characterize temporal phase modulation profiles of…
Time-varying photonic systems open new possibilities for controlling light, enabling photonic time crystals, time reflection and refraction, frequency conversion, synthetic gauge fields, optical nonreciprocity, among others. These effects…
Temporal metamaterials, created by modulating the refractive index in time, offer powerful means of controlling wave propagation but still lack a systematic design methodology. Here, we develop an analytic inverse-design framework rooted in…
We demonstrate a simple method to obtain accurate optical waveforms with a GHz-level programmable modulation bandwidth and Watt-level output power for wideband optical control of free atoms and molecules. Arbitrary amplitude and phase…
Whether it is for transmitting information or for controlling intensity, light modulation is among the essential functions commonly used in complex optical systems. In integrated optics, modulation principles usually include the use of…
Reconfigurable photonic devices capable of routing the flow of light enable flexible integrated-optic circuits that are not hard-wired but can be externally controlled. Analogous to free-space spatial light modulators, we demonstrate…
Electromagnetic waves are ideal candidates for transmitting information in a quantum network as they can be routed rapidly and efficiently between locations using optical fibers or microwave cables. Yet linking quantum-enabled devices with…
Interferometers are essential tools to measure and shape optical fields, and are widely used in optical metrology, sensing, laser physics, and quantum mechanics. They superimpose waves with a mutual phase delay, resulting in a change in…
Ultrafast manipulation of optical resonance can establish the time-boundary effect in time-variant media leading to a new degree of freedom for coherent control of electromagnetic waves. Here, we demonstrate that a free-standing all…
Metasurfaces, composed of subwavelength scattering elements, have demonstrated remarkable control over the transmitted amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. However, manipulating the amplitude upon transmission has required loss if a…
Multimode fibers are attractive for a variety of applications such as internet data transfer, data center hubs, micromanipulation, optogenetics and other biomedical applications. A major hurdle for imaging through multimode fibers is the…
The frequency conversion of light has proved to be a crucial technology for communication, spectroscopy, imaging, and signal processing. In the quantum regime, it also offers great potential for realizing quantum networks incorporating…
Phase imaging techniques extract the optical path-length information of a scene, whereas wavefront sensors provide the shape of an optical wavefront. Since these two applications have different technical requirements, they have developed…