Related papers: The Newton integral and the Stirling formula
Stirling's formula, the asymptotic expansion of $n!$ for $n$ large, or of $\Gamma(z)$ for $z\to \infty$, is derived directly from the recursion equation $\Gamma(z+1) =z \Gamma(s)$ and the normalization condition $\Gamma ({1/2})…
Stirling's formula is a powerful asymptotic approximation of the factorial function. Many well-known proofs of this formula are grounded in integral calculus. In this paper, we present an alternative proof of Stirling's formula using only…
A concise and elementary derivation of the complete asymptotic expansion for the factorial function $n!$ is presented. This treatment produces a new expression for the coefficients, and it brings to light the simple relationship between the…
Transcription into modern notations of the derivation by Stirling and De Moivre of an asymptotic series for $\log(n!)$, usually called Stirling's series. The previous discovery by Wallis of an infinite product for $\pi$, and later results…
The monotonicity properties of remainder of Stirling's formula for the gamma function are simply obtained by using the integral transforms with series.
We give an apparently new proof of Stirling's original asymptotic formula for the behavior of $\ln z!$ for large $z$. Stirling's original formula is not the formula widely known as "Stirling's formula", which was actually due to De Moivre.…
A conjectured relation between Ramanujan's asymptotic approximations to the exponential function and the exponential integral is established. The proof involves Stirling numbers, second-order Eulerian numbers, modifications of both of…
We derive two-sided bounds for a class of Stirling-type asymptotic formulas for piecewise logarithmic interpolations of the pi function, and hence also for the factorials and the gamma functions. The bounds are derived by first proving some…
We apply the Euler--Maclaurin formula to find the asymptotic expansion of the sums $\sum_{k=1}^n (\log k)^p / k^q$, ~$\sum k^q (\log k)^p$, ~$\sum (\log k)^p /(n-k)^q$, ~$\sum 1/k^q (\log k)^p $ in closed form to arbitrary order ($p,q…
In Combinatorics Stirling numbers may be defined in several ways. One such definition is given in [1], where an extensive consideration of Stirling numbers is presented. In this paper an alternative definition of Stirling numbers of both…
In 1730 James Stirling, building on the work of Abraham de Moivre, published what is known as Stirling's approximation of $n!$. He gave a good formula which is asymptotic to $n!$. Since then hundreds of papers have given alternative proofs…
By changing variables in a suitable way and using dominated convergence methods, this note gives a short proof of Stirling's formula and its refinement.
In the paper, by establishing a new and explicit formula for computing the $n$-th derivative of the reciprocal of the logarithmic function, the author presents new and explicit formulas for calculating Bernoulli numbers of the second kind…
We derive a new integral formula for the Stieltjes constants. The new formula permits easy computations as well as an exact approximate asymptotic formula. Both the sign oscillations and the leading order of growth are provided. The formula…
Given an integer $n \ge 2$, its prime factorization is expressed as $n= \prod_{i=1}^s p_i^{a_i}$. We define the function $f(n)$ as the smallest positive integer such that $f(n)!$ is divisible by $n$. The main objective of this paper is to…
This paper presents a family of rapidly convergent summation formulas for various finite sums of analytic functions. These summation formulas are obtained by applying a series acceleration transformation involving Stirling numbers of the…
Stirling numbers of the first kind are common in number theory and combinatorics; through Ewen's sampling formula, these numbers enter into the calculation of several population genetics statistics, such as Fu's Fs. In previous papers we…
Exactification is the process of obtaining exact values of a function from its complete asymptotic expansion. Here Stirling's approximation for the logarithm of the gamma function or $\ln \Gamma(z)$ is derived completely whereby it is…
We present a survey on recent results about Stirling's formula. More exactly, we reffer to a method using a form of Cesaro-Stolz lemma firstly introduced in [C. Mortici Product approximations via asymptotic integration Amer. Math. Monthly…
The Stirling approximation formula for $n!$ dates from 1730. Here we give new and instructive proofs of this and related approximation formulae via tools of probability and statistics. There are connections to the Central Limit Theorem and…