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Machine learning has become increasingly popular in informing data-driven policy-making. Policies influence behavior in individuals or populations, and ideally, through observational signals, policy-makers learn which policies are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Shiliang Zuo

Neural nets are powerful function approximators, but the behavior of a given neural net, once trained, cannot be easily modified. We wish, however, for people to be able to influence neural agents' actions despite the agents never training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Mycal Tucker , William Kuhl , Khizer Shahid , Seth Karten , Katia Sycara , Julie Shah

We consider an online regression setting in which individuals adapt to the regression model: arriving individuals are aware of the current model, and invest strategically in modifying their own features so as to improve the predicted score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Yahav Bechavod , Katrina Ligett , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Juba Ziani

It has become apparent that models that have been applied widely in economics, including Machine Learning techniques and Data Mining methods, should take into consideration principles that derive from the theories of Personality Psychology…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Alexandros Ladas , Uwe Aickelin , Jon Garibaldi , Eamonn Ferguson

Machine learning systems have been widely used to make decisions about individuals who may behave strategically to receive favorable outcomes, e.g., they may genuinely improve the true labels or manipulate observable features directly to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Tian Xie , Zhiqun Zuo , Mohammad Mahdi Khalili , Xueru Zhang

We consider the problem of predicting human players' actions in repeated strategic interactions. Our goal is to predict the dynamic step-by-step behavior of individual players in previously unseen games. We study the ability of neural…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Yoav Kolumbus , Gali Noti

Adaptive machines have the potential to assist or interfere with human behavior in a range of contexts, from cognitive decision-making to physical device assistance. Therefore it is critical to understand how machine learning algorithms can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Benjamin J. Chasnov , Lillian J. Ratliff , Samuel A. Burden

Human decision making can be challenging to predict because decisions are affected by a number of complex factors. Adding to this complexity, decision-making processes can differ considerably between individuals, and methods aimed at…

While machine learning (ML) methods have received a lot of attention in recent years, these methods are primarily for prediction. Empirical researchers conducting policy evaluations are, on the other hand, pre-occupied with causal problems,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-04 Noemi Kreif , Karla DiazOrdaz

This PhD thesis investigates the societal impact of machine learning (ML). ML increasingly informs consequential decisions and recommendations, significantly affecting many aspects of our lives. As these data-driven systems are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Joachim Baumann

Business analytics refers to methods and practices that create value through data for individuals, firms, and organizations. This field is currently experiencing a radical shift due to the advent of deep learning: deep neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Mathias Kraus , Stefan Feuerriegel , Asil Oztekin

This article proposes predictive economics as a distinct analytical perspective within economics, grounded in machine learning and centred on predictive accuracy rather than causal identification. Drawing on the instrumentalist tradition…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-07 Miguel Alves Pereira

Human interactions are influenced by emotions, temperament, and affection, often conflicting with individuals' underlying preferences. Without explicit knowledge of those preferences, judging whether behaviour is appropriate becomes…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Victor Villin , Christos Dimitrakakis

Generating models from large data sets -- and determining which subsets of data to mine -- is becoming increasingly automated. However choosing what data to collect in the first place requires human intuition or experience, usually supplied…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-05-20 Josh C. Bongard , Paul D. H. Hines , Dylan Conger , Peter Hurd , Zhenyu Lu

This paper explores human behavior in virtual networked communities, specifically individuals or groups' potential and expressive capacity to respond to internal and external stimuli, with assortative matching as a typical example. A…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ou Deng , Qun Jin

The rapid growth of e-commerce has made people accustomed to shopping online. Before making purchases on e-commerce websites, most consumers tend to rely on rating scores and review information to make purchase decisions. With this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Yingqiang Ge , Shuyuan Xu , Shuchang Liu , Zuohui Fu , Fei Sun , Yongfeng Zhang

Accurately predicting the performance of different optimization algorithms for previously unseen problem instances is crucial for high-performing algorithm selection and configuration techniques. In the context of numerical optimization,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Tome Eftimov , Anja Jankovic , Gorjan Popovski , Carola Doerr , Peter Korošec

Applied machine learning (ML) has rapidly spread throughout the physical sciences; in fact, ML-based data analysis and experimental decision-making has become commonplace. We suggest a shift in the conversation from proving that ML can be…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-12-21 Naohiro Fujinuma , Brian L. DeCost , Jason Hattrick-Simpers , Samuel E. Lofland

Machine learning has witnessed remarkable breakthroughs in recent years. As machine learning permeates various aspects of daily life, individuals and organizations increasingly interact with these systems, exhibiting a wide range of social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Han Shao

Over the past decades, cognitive neuroscientists and behavioral economists have recognized the value of describing the process of decision making in detail and modeling the emergence of decisions over time. For example, the time it takes to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-24 Mrugsen Nagsen Gopnarayan , Jaan Aru , Sebastian Gluth