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This study develops a question-answering system based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) using Chinese Wikipedia and Lawbank as retrieval sources. Using TTQA and TMMLU+ as evaluation datasets, the system employs BGE-M3 for dense vector…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Te-Lun Yang , Jyi-Shane Liu , Yuen-Hsien Tseng , Jyh-Shing Roger Jang

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique used to augment Large Language Models (LLMs) with contextually relevant, time-critical, or domain-specific information without altering the underlying model parameters. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Laurent Mombaerts , Terry Ding , Adi Banerjee , Florian Felice , Jonathan Taws , Tarik Borogovac

Open-domain question answering (QA) systems are often built with retrieval modules. However, retrieving passages from a given source is known to suffer from insufficient knowledge coverage. Alternatively, prompting large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yunxiang Zhang , Muhammad Khalifa , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , Honglak Lee , Lu Wang

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) heralds a pivotal shift in online user interactions with information. Traditional Information Retrieval (IR) systems primarily relied on query-document matching, whereas LLMs excel in comprehending…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Samira Ghodratnama , Mehrdad Zakershahrak

Open-domain Question Answering models which directly leverage question-answer (QA) pairs, such as closed-book QA (CBQA) models and QA-pair retrievers, show promise in terms of speed and memory compared to conventional models which retrieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Patrick Lewis , Yuxiang Wu , Linqing Liu , Pasquale Minervini , Heinrich Küttler , Aleksandra Piktus , Pontus Stenetorp , Sebastian Riedel

Neural machine translation systems estimate probabilities of target sentences given source sentences, yet these estimates may not align with human preferences. This work introduces QE-fusion, a method that synthesizes translations using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Giorgos Vernikos , Andrei Popescu-Belis

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a standard framework for knowledge-intensive NLP tasks, combining large language models (LLMs) with document retrieval from external corpora. Despite its widespread use, most RAG pipelines…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mandeep Rathee , V Venktesh , Sean MacAvaney , Avishek Anand

Automatic question-answering (QA) systems have boomed during last few years, and commonly used techniques can be roughly categorized into Information Retrieval (IR)-based and generation-based. A key solution to the IR based models is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Shuangyong Song , Chao Wang

Nowadays, the quality of responses generated by different modern large language models (LLMs) is hard to evaluate and compare automatically. Recent studies suggest and predominantly use LLMs for reference-free evaluation of open-ended…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Ruosen Li , Teerth Patel , Xinya Du

Consumers on a shopping mission often leverage both product search and information seeking systems, such as web search engines and Question Answering (QA) systems, in an iterative process to improve their understanding of available products…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Saar Kuzi , Shervin Malmasi

Retrieval-Augmented Language Modeling (RALM) methods, which condition a language model (LM) on relevant documents from a grounding corpus during generation, were shown to significantly improve language modeling performance. In addition,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Ori Ram , Yoav Levine , Itay Dalmedigos , Dor Muhlgay , Amnon Shashua , Kevin Leyton-Brown , Yoav Shoham

Risk and Quality (R&Q) assurance in highly regulated industries requires constant navigation of complex regulatory frameworks, with employees handling numerous daily queries demanding accurate policy interpretation. Traditional methods…

In the field of information retrieval, query expansion (QE) has long been used as a technique to deal with the fundamental issue of word mismatch between a user's query and the target information. In the context of the relationship between…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Hiteshwar Kumar Azad , Akshay Deepak

In the community question answering (CQA) system, the answer selection task aims to identify the best answer for a specific question, and thus is playing a key role in enhancing the service quality through recommending appropriate answers…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Fengshi Jing , Qingpeng Zhang

Question and answer generation (QAG) consists of generating a set of question-answer pairs given a context (e.g. a paragraph). This task has a variety of applications, such as data augmentation for question answering (QA) models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Asahi Ushio , Fernando Alva-Manchego , Jose Camacho-Collados

Information retrieval systems have traditionally optimized for topical relevance-the degree to which retrieved documents match a query. However, relevance only approximates a deeper goal: utility, namely, whether retrieved information helps…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Hengran Zhang , Minghao Tang , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo

This study introduces Query Attribute Modeling (QAM), a hybrid framework that enhances search precision and relevance by decomposing open text queries into structured metadata tags and semantic elements. QAM addresses traditional search…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Karthik Menon , Batool Arhamna Haider , Muhammad Arham , Kanwal Mehreen , Ram Mohan Rao Kadiyala , Hamza Farooq

Traditional evaluation of information retrieval (IR) systems relies on human-annotated relevance labels, which can be both biased and costly at scale. In this context, large language models (LLMs) offer an alternative by allowing us to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Naghmeh Farzi , Laura Dietz

Community Question Answering is the field of computational linguistics that deals with problems derived from the questions and answers posted to websites such as Quora or Stack Overflow. Among some of these problems we find the issue of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Lucas Valentin

Pairwise re-ranking models predict which of two documents is more relevant to a query and then aggregate a final ranking from such preferences. This is often more effective than pointwise re-ranking models that directly predict a relevance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Lukas Gienapp , Maik Fröbe , Matthias Hagen , Martin Potthast