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Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a workhorse in machine learning, yet its slow convergence can be a computational bottleneck. Variance reduction techniques such as SAG, SVRG and SAGA have been proposed to overcome this weakness,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-29 Thomas Hofmann , Aurelien Lucchi , Simon Lacoste-Julien , Brian McWilliams

Latent neural stochastic differential equations (SDEs) have recently emerged as a promising approach for learning generative models from stochastic time series data. However, they systematically underestimate the noise level inherent in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Linus Heck , Maximilian Gelbrecht , Michael T. Schaub , Niklas Boers

Despite the vast empirical evidence supporting the efficacy of adaptive optimization methods in deep learning, their theoretical understanding is far from complete. This work introduces novel SDEs for commonly used adaptive optimizers:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Enea Monzio Compagnoni , Tianlin Liu , Rustem Islamov , Frank Norbert Proske , Antonio Orvieto , Aurelien Lucchi

Two major momentum-based techniques that have achieved tremendous success in optimization are Polyak's heavy ball method and Nesterov's accelerated gradient. A crucial step in all momentum-based methods is the choice of the momentum…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-21 Vishwak Srinivasan , Adepu Ravi Sankar , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

While many distributed optimization algorithms have been proposed for solving smooth or convex problems over the networks, few of them can handle non-convex and non-smooth problems. Based on a proximal primal-dual approach, this paper…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-01 Zhiguo Wang , Jiawei Zhang , Tsung-Hui Chang , Jian Li , Zhi-Quan Luo

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are one of the most important representations of dynamical systems. They are notable for the ability to include a deterministic component of the system and a stochastic one to represent random…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Noura Dridi , Lucas Drumetz , Ronan Fablet

Arguably, the two most popular accelerated or momentum-based optimization methods in machine learning are Nesterov's accelerated gradient and Polyaks's heavy ball, both corresponding to different discretizations of a particular second order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-25 Guilherme França , Jeremias Sulam , Daniel P. Robinson , René Vidal

Stochastic Heavy Ball (SHB) and Nesterov's Accelerated Stochastic Gradient (ASG) are popular momentum methods in stochastic optimization. While benefits of such acceleration ideas in deterministic settings are well understood, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Swetha Ganesh , Rohan Deb , Gugan Thoppe , Amarjit Budhiraja

When simulating multiscale stochastic differential equations (SDEs) in high-dimensions, separation of timescales, stochastic noise and high-dimensionality can make simulations prohibitively expensive. The computational cost is dictated by…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-10-13 Miles Crosskey , Mauro Maggioni

When equipped with efficient optimization algorithms, the over-parameterized neural networks have demonstrated high level of performance even though the loss function is non-convex and non-smooth. While many works have been focusing on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Zhiqi Bu , Shiyun Xu , Kan Chen

Stochastic gradient descent (\textsc{Sgd}) methods are the most powerful optimization tools in training machine learning and deep learning models. Moreover, acceleration (a.k.a. momentum) methods and diagonal scaling (a.k.a. adaptive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-02 Qi Deng , Yi Cheng , Guanghui Lan

Decentralized stochastic optimization has emerged as a fundamental paradigm for large-scale machine learning. However, practical implementations often rely on biased gradient estimators arising from communication compression or inexact…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Qing Xu , Yiwei Liao , Wenqi Fan , Xingxing You , Songyi Dian

In this paper we analyze the behaviour of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a widely used method in supervised learning for optimizing neural network weights via a minimization of non-convex loss functions. Since the pioneering work of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Davide Barbieri , Matteo Bonforte , Peio Ibarrondo

In this paper we study several classes of stochastic optimization algorithms enriched with heavy ball momentum. Among the methods studied are: stochastic gradient descent, stochastic Newton, stochastic proximal point and stochastic dual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-30 Nicolas Loizou , Peter Richtárik

Irregular sampling intervals and missing values in real-world time series data present challenges for conventional methods that assume consistent intervals and complete data. Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Neural ODEs) offer an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 YongKyung Oh , Dong-Young Lim , Sungil Kim

We consider stochastic convex optimization problems, where several machines act asynchronously in parallel while sharing a common memory. We propose a robust training method for the constrained setting and derive non asymptotic convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Rotem Zamir Aviv , Ido Hakimi , Assaf Schuster , Kfir Y. Levy

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) has become the standard algorithm for training machine learning models with rigorous privacy guarantees. Despite its widespread use, the theoretical understanding of its long-run…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Amartya Mukherjee , Jun Liu

Large-scale nonconvex optimization problems are ubiquitous in modern machine learning, and among practitioners interested in solving them, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) reigns supreme. We revisit the analysis of SGD in the nonconvex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-27 Ahmed Khaled , Peter Richtárik

We analyze the convergence rate of various momentum-based optimization algorithms from a dynamical systems point of view. Our analysis exploits fundamental topological properties, such as the continuous dependence of iterates on their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Michael Muehlebach , Michael I. Jordan

We consider stochastic convex optimization problems with affine constraints and develop several methods using either primal or dual approach to solve it. In the primal case, we use a special penalization technique to make the initial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-13 Eduard Gorbunov , Darina Dvinskikh , Alexander Gasnikov
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