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We study automated intrusion response and formulate the interaction between an attacker and a defender as an optimal stopping game where attack and defense strategies evolve through reinforcement learning and self-play. The game-theoretic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Kim Hammar , Rolf Stadler

Deep learning has transformed AI applications but faces critical security challenges, including adversarial attacks, data poisoning, model theft, and privacy leakage. This survey examines these vulnerabilities, detailing their mechanisms…

As AI-enabled cyber capabilities become more advanced, we propose "differential access" as a strategy to tilt the cybersecurity balance toward defense by shaping access to these capabilities. We introduce three possible approaches that form…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shaun Ee , Chris Covino , Cara Labrador , Christina Krawec , Jam Kraprayoon , Joe O'Brien

We study a sequential mechanism design problem in which a principal seeks to elicit truthful reports from multiple rational agents while starting with no prior knowledge of agents' beliefs. We introduce Distributionally Robust Adaptive…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Qiushi Han , David Simchi-Levi , Renfei Tan , Zishuo Zhao

Deception is a technique to mislead human or computer systems by manipulating beliefs and information. For the applications of cyber deception, non-cooperative games become a natural choice of models to capture the adversarial interactions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Tao Zhang , Linan Huang , Jeffrey Pawlick , Quanyan Zhu

Siren represents a pioneering research effort aimed at fortifying cybersecurity through strategic integration of deception, machine learning, and proactive threat analysis. Drawing inspiration from mythical sirens, this project employs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Samhruth Ananthanarayanan , Girish Kulathumani , Ganesh Narayanan

Autonomous AI agents deployed on platforms such as OpenClaw face prompt injection, memory poisoning, supply-chain attacks, and social engineering, yet existing defences address only the platform perimeter, leaving the agent's own threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jiaqi Li , Yang Zhao , Bin Sun , Yang Yu , Jian Chang , Lidong Zhai

Distributed online learning in Internet of Things(IoT)-enabled multi-agent systems(MASs) is highly vulnerable to persistent adversarial interactions, particularly when malicious agents cannot be fully isolated during the transient learning…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yuhan Suo , Runqi Chai , Senchun Chai , Xudong Zhao , Yuanqing Xia

Attributing cyberattacks remains a central challenge in modern cybersecurity, particularly within denied environments where defenders have limited visibility into attacker infrastructure and are restricted by legal or operational rules of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Abraham Itzhak Weinberg

Federated learning (FL) is a promising technique for learning-based functions in wireless networks, thanks to its distributed implementation capability. On the other hand, distributed learning may increase the risk of exposure to malicious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Han Zhang , Hao Zhou , Medhat Elsayed , Majid Bavand , Raimundas Gaigalas , Yigit Ozcan , Melike Erol-Kantarci

We introduce an online learning algorithm for computing adaptive resource allocation policies against strategic ecological adversaries with unknown behavioral models and partial observability. Our setting addresses a fundamental limitation…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Anjali Purathekandy , Deepak N. Subramani

The rise of the Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems has introduced new challenges on ensuring secure and robust communication. The growing number of connected devices increases network complexity, leading to higher latency and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Marco Stadler , Michael Vierhauser , Michael Riegler , Daniel Waghubinger , Johannes Sametinger

Cyber cognitive attacks leverage disruptive innovations (DIs) to exploit psychological biases and manipulate decision-making processes. Emerging technologies, such as AI-driven disinformation and synthetic media, have accelerated the scale…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Bonnie Rushing , Mac-Rufus Umeokolo , Shouhuai Xu

DL-based automatic modulation classification (AMC) models are highly susceptible to adversarial attacks, where even minimal input perturbations can cause severe misclassifications. While adversarially training an AMC model based on an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Amirmohammad Bamdad , Ali Owfi , Fatemeh Afghah

With the wide application of deep neural network models in various computer vision tasks, there has been a proliferation of adversarial example generation strategies aimed at deeply exploring model security. However, existing adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Wenxuan Wang , Chenglei Wang , Huihui Qi , Menghao Ye , Xuelin Qian , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Determining what experience to generate to best facilitate learning (i.e. exploration) is one of the distinguishing features and open challenges in reinforcement learning. The advent of distributed agents that interact with parallel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Tom Schaul , Diana Borsa , David Ding , David Szepesvari , Georg Ostrovski , Will Dabney , Simon Osindero

In this work, we propose a novel memory-based multi-agent meta-learning architecture and learning procedure that allows for learning of a shared communication policy that enables the emergence of rapid adaptation to new and unseen…

We present a method to automatically find security strategies for the use case of intrusion prevention. Following this method, we model the interaction between an attacker and a defender as a Markov game and let attack and defense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Kim Hammar , Rolf Stadler

Cybersecurity is being fundamentally reshaped by foundation-model-based artificial intelligence. Large language models now enable autonomous planning, tool orchestration, and strategic adaptation at scale, challenging security architectures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Tao Li , Quanyan Zhu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in fields like robotics and autonomous driving, but adversarial attacks designed to mislead RL systems remain challenging. Existing approaches often rely on modifying the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Junyong Jiang , Buwei Tian , Chenxing Xu , Songze Li , Lu Dong