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Understanding how 5G networks correct errors is no trivial matter. At the heart of the process lie two sophisticated families of codes: LDPC and polar codes. This paper opens the black box, not only by explaining how these codes are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mody Sy

Polar codes are the first class of capacity-achieving forward error correction (FEC) codes. They have been selected as one of the coding schemes for the 5G communication systems due to their excellent error correction performance when…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-23 ChenYang Xia , YouZhe Fan , Chi-ying Tsui

We establish that a large, flexible class of long, high redundancy error correcting codes can be efficiently and accurately decoded with guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND). Performance evaluation demonstrates that it is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Peihong Yuan , Muriel Medard , Kevin Galligan , Ken R. Duffy

Polar codes achieve outstanding error correction performance when using successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding with cyclic redundancy check. A larger list size brings better decoding performance and is essential for practical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-03 ChenYang Xia , YouZhe Fan , Chi-Ying Tsui

Polar codes are the first class of error correcting codes that provably achieve the channel capacity at infinite code length. They were selected for use in the fifth generation of cellular mobile communications (5G). In practical scenarios…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Nghia Doan , Seyyed Ali Hashemi , Elie Ngomseu Mambou , Thibaud Tonnellier , Warren J. Gross

Guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND) is a noise-centric decoding method, which is suitable for ultra-reliable low-latency communications, as it supports high-rate error correction codes that generate short-length codewords. GRAND…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Ioannis Chatzigeorgiou , Francisco A. Monteiro

In this paper, we propose a new polar coding scheme with molecular programming, which is capable of highly parallel implementation at a nano-scale without a need of electrical power sources. We designed chemical reaction networks (CRN) to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Toshiki Matsumine , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Ye Wang

In this work, we investigate guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND) with quantized soft input. First, we analyze the achievable rate of ordered reliability bits GRAND (ORBGRAND), which uses the rank order of the reliability as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Peihong Yuan , Ken R. Duffy , Evan P. Gabhart , Muriel Médard

We explore the relationship between polar and RM codes and we describe a coding scheme which improves upon the performance of the standard polar code at practical block lengths. Our starting point is the experimental observation that RM…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-04 Marco Mondelli , S. Hamed Hassani , Rüdiger Urbanke

Polar codes are of great interest since they are the first provably capacity-achieving forward error correction codes. To improve throughput and to reduce decoding latency of polar decoders, maximum likelihood (ML) decoding units are used…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Chenrong Xiong , Jun Lin , Zhiyuan Yan

We present a framework that can exploit the tradeoff between the undetected error rate (UER) and block error rate (BLER) of polar-like codes. It is compatible with all successive cancellation (SC)-based decoding methods and relies on a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Peihong Yuan , Ken R. Duffy , Muriel Médard

The performance of short polar codes under successive cancellation (SC) and SC list (SCL) decoding is analyzed for the case where the decoder messages are coarsely quantized. This setting is of particular interest for applications requiring…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Joachim Neu , Mustafa Cemil Coşkun , Gianluigi Liva

In this letter, we explore the performance limits of short polar codes and find that the maximum likelihood (ML) performance of a simple CRC-polar concatenated scheme can approach the finite blocklength capacity. Then, in order to approach…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Jinnan Piao , Kai Niu , Jincheng Dai , Chao Dong

Polar codes are a class of linear error correction codes which provably attain channel capacity with infinite codeword lengths. Finite length polar codes have been adopted into the 5th Generation 3GPP standard for New Radio, though their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Adam Cavatassi , Thibaud Tonnellier , Warren J. Gross

Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND) is a code-agnostic decoding technique for short-length and high-rate channel codes. GRAND tries to guess the channel noise by generating test error patterns (TEPs), and the sequence of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Syed Mohsin Abbas , Marwan Jalaleddine , Warren J. Gross

This paper presents a refined analysis of the block error rate (BLER) of polar codes over symmetric binary-input discrete memoryless channels under successive cancellation (SC) and successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding. A novel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Hassan Noghrei , Murad Abdullah

Polar codes have gained extensive attention during the past few years and recently they have been selected for the next generation of wireless communications standards (5G). Successive-cancellation-based (SC-based) decoders, such as SC list…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Seyyed Ali Hashemi , Carlo Condo , Marco Mondelli , Warren J. Gross

This work introduces a novel, fully differentiable linear-time complexity transformer decoder and a transformer decoder to correct 5G New Radio (NR) LDPC. We propose a scalable approach to decode linear block codes with $O(n)$ complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Mario Hernandez , Fernando Pinero

We analyze the trade-off between the undetected error probability (i.e., the probability that the channel decoder outputs an erroneous message without detecting the error) and the total error probability in the short blocklength regime. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Alexander Sauter , A. Oguz Kislal , Giuseppe Durisi , Gianluigi Liva , Balazs Matuz , Erik G. Ström

Polar codes are a class of capacity-achieving error correcting codes that have been selected for use in enhanced mobile broadband in the 3GPP 5th generation (5G) wireless standard. Most polar code research examines the original Arikan polar…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Adam Cavatassi , Thibaud Tonnellier , Warren J. Gross