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Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) are safety-critical, where failures can be severe. While Metamorphic Testing (MT) is effective for fault detection in ADS, existing methods rely heavily on manual effort and lack automation. We present…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Linfeng Liang , Chenkai Tan , Yao Deng , Yingfeng Cai , T. Y Chen , Xi Zheng

Recent advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have sparked interest in their use for autonomous driving, particularly in generating interpretable driving decisions through natural language. However, the assumption that VLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Shaoyuan Xie , Lingdong Kong , Yuhao Dong , Chonghao Sima , Wenwei Zhang , Qi Alfred Chen , Ziwei Liu , Liang Pan

The automated real-time recognition of unexpected situations plays a crucial role in the safety of autonomous vehicles, especially in unsupported and unpredictable scenarios. This paper evaluates different Bayesian uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Ruben Grewal , Paolo Tonella , Andrea Stocco

Recent developments have made autonomous vehicles (AVs) closer to hitting our roads. However, their security is still a major concern among drivers as well as manufacturers. Although some work has been done to identify threats and possible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Ali Behfarnia , Ali Eslami

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) increasingly depend on Multi-Sensor Fusion (MSF) to combine complementary modalities such as cameras and LiDAR for robust perception. While this redundancy is intended to safeguard against single-sensor failures,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Shahriar Rahman Khan , Raiful Hasan

The interest in autonomous vehicles (AVs) for critical missions, including transportation, rescue, surveillance, reconnaissance, and mapping, is growing rapidly due to their significant safety and mobility benefits. AVs consist of complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Md Wasiul Haque , Md Erfan , Sagar Dasgupta , Md Rayhanur Rahman , Mizanur Rahman

The end-to-end learning pipeline is gradually creating a paradigm shift in the ongoing development of highly autonomous vehicles (AVs), largely due to advances in deep learning, the availability of large-scale training datasets, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Shahin Atakishiyev , Mohammad Salameh , Randy Goebel

Current technologies are unable to produce massively deployable, fully autonomous vehicles that do not require human intervention. Such technological limitations are projected to persist for decades. Therefore, roadway scenarios requiring a…

Applications · Statistics 2021-07-02 David Ríos Insua , William N. Caballero , Roi Naveiro

Numerous groups have applied a variety of deep learning techniques to computer vision problems in highway perception scenarios. In this paper, we presented a number of empirical evaluations of recent deep learning advances. Computer vision,…

Autonomous vehicles are on the horizon and will be transforming transportation safety and comfort. These vehicles will be connected to various external systems and utilize advanced embedded systems to perceive their environment and make…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Vipin Kumar Kukkala , Sooryaa Vignesh Thiruloga , Sudeep Pasricha

Generative Artificial Intelligence is emerging as a transformative force in the automotive industry, enabling novel applications across vehicle design, manufacturing, autonomous driving, predictive maintenance, and in vehicle user…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Chaitanya Shinde , Divya Garikapati

Creating resilient machine learning (ML) systems has become necessary to ensure production-ready ML systems that acquire user confidence seamlessly. The quality of the input data and the model highly influence the successful end-to-end…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Manal Rahal , Bestoun S. Ahmed , Jorgen Samuelsson

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the approaches that has been proposed to analyze the collected data (e.g., vibration signals) providing a diagnosis of the asset's operating condition. It is known that models trained with labeled data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Lucas Costa Brito , Gian Antonio Susto , Jorge Nei Brito , Marcus Antonio Viana Duarte

The widescale deployment of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) appears to be imminent despite many safety challenges that are yet to be resolved. It is well-known that there are no universally agreed Verification and Validation (VV) methodologies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

While automated driving technology has achieved a tremendous progress, the scalable and rigorous testing and verification of safe automated and autonomous driving vehicles remain challenging. This paper proposes a learning-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Andrea Favrin , Vladislav Nenchev , Angelo Cenedese

The safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) depends on their ability to perform complex computations on high-volume sensor data in a timely manner. Their ability to run these computations with state-of-the-art models is limited by the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Peter Schafhalter , Sukrit Kalra , Le Xu , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Ion Stoica

Deep learning training relies on periodic checkpoints to recover from failures, but unsafe checkpoint installation can leave corrupted files on disk. This paper presents an experimental study of checkpoint installation protocols and…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Juha Jeon

This study aims to explore the dynamics of driver attention to various zones, including the road, the central mirror, the embedded Human-Machine Interface (HMI), and the speedometer, across different driving modes in AVs. The integration of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yuan Cai , Mustafa Demir , Farzan Sasangohar , Mohsen Zare

Automotive engineering makes extensive use of numerical simulation throughout the design process. The development of numerical models, their validation against experimental tests, and their updating during vehicle and engine projects…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Di Jiang , Sebastian Rodriguez , Herve Colin , Yves Tourbier , Francisco Chinesta

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to significantly revolutionize society by providing a secure and efficient mode of transportation. Recent years have witnessed notable advancements in autonomous driving perception and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Di Chen , Meixin Zhu , Hao Yang , Xuesong Wang , Yinhai Wang