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Two-factor authentication (2F) aims to enhance resilience of password-based authentication by requiring users to provide an additional authentication factor, e.g., a code generated by a security token. However, it also introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-02-03 Emiliano De Cristofaro , Honglu Du , Julien Freudiger , Greg Norcie

Security questions are one of the mechanisms used to recover passwords. Strong answers to security questions (i.e. high entropy) are hard for attackers to guess or obtain using social engineering techniques (e.g. monitoring of social…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Nicholas Micallef , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage

Biometric authentication relies on physiological or behavioral traits that are inherent to a user, making them difficult to lose, forge or forget. Biometric data with a temporal component enable the following authentication protocol: recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Daniel Reijsbergen , Eyasu Getahun Chekole , Howard Halim , Jianying Zhou

Despite the ubiquity of modern face retrieval systems, their retrieval stage is often outsourced to third-party entities, posing significant risks to user portrait privacy. Although homomorphic encryption (HE) offers strong security…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Haomiao Tang , Wenjie Li , Yixiang Qiu , Genping Wang , Shu-Tao Xia

In password-based authentication systems, the username fields are essentially unprotected, while the password fields are susceptible to attacks. In this article, we shift our research focus from traditional authentication paradigm to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Suyun Borjigin

Alphanumeric authentication routinely fails to regulate access to resources with the required stringency, primarily due to usability issues. Initial deployment did not reveal the problems of passwords, deep and profound flaws only emerged…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-01-22 Joseph Maguire , Karen Renaud

Robust governance of GPU chips is important for mitigating risks from unauthorized development of advanced AI models. Current methods for monitoring chip location rely on ping-based protocols backed by cryptographic keys stored on-chip.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wayne Tee , Jonathan Happel

The trend toward a highly mobile workforce and the ubiquity of graphical interfaces (such as the stylus and touch-screen) has enabled the emergence of graphical authentications in Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) [1]. However, most of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-06-03 Xiyang Liu , Zhongjie Ren , Xiuling Chang , Haichang Gao , Uwe Aickelin

The prevalence of biometric authentication has been on the rise due to its ease of use and elimination of weak passwords. To date, most biometric authentication systems have been designed for on-device authentication of the device owner…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Alexander Bienstock , Daniel Escudero , Antigoni Polychroniadou , Zhen Zeng , Pranav Bhat , Ashok Singal , Prashant Sharma , Manuela Veloso

With the continuous rise in the popularity of Android mobile devices, automated testing of apps has become more important than ever. Android apps are event-driven programs. Unfortunately, generating all possible types of events by…

Biometric authentication is getting increasingly popular due to the convenience of using unique individual traits, such as fingerprints, palm veins, irises. Especially fingerprints are widely used nowadays due to the availability and low…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Swe Geng , Georgia Giannopoulou , Maëlle Kabir-Querrec

A partial password is a mode of password-based authentication that is widely used, especially in the financial sector. It is based on a challenge-response protocol, where at each login attempt, a challenge requesting characters from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-03 Theodosis Mourouzis , Marcin Wojcik , Nikos Komninos

The Gaussian mechanism is one differential privacy mechanism commonly used to protect numerical data. However, it may be ill-suited to some applications because it has unbounded support and thus can produce invalid numerical answers to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Bo Chen , Matthew Hale

With the wide application of biometrics, more and more attention has been paid to the security of biometric templates. However most of existing biometric template protection (BTP) methods have some security problems, e.g. the problem that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Baogang Song , Dongdong Zhao , Jiang Yan , Huanhuan Li , Hao Jiang

Proximity tracing apps have been proposed as an aide in dealing with the COVID-19 crisis. Some of those apps leverage attenuation of Bluetooth beacons from mobile devices to build a record of proximate encounters between a pair of device…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Paul-Olivier Dehaye , Joel Reardon

Risk-based Authentication (RBA) is an adaptive security measure that improves the security of password-based authentication by protecting against credential stuffing, password guessing, or phishing attacks. RBA monitors extra features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Stephan Wiefling , Tanvi Patil , Markus Dürmuth , Luigi Lo Iacono

With advances in wireless communication and growing spectrum scarcity, Spectrum Access Systems (SASs) offer an opportunistic solution but face significant security challenges. Regulations require disclosure of location coordinates and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Saleh Darzi , Saif Eddine Nouma , Kiarash Sedghighadikolaei , Attila Altay

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, while accessible via cloud platforms, face challenges due to limited availability and suboptimal quality. These challenges raise the risk of cloud providers offering fraudulent services. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Jindi Wu , Tianjie Hu , Qun Li

Mobile devices store a diverse set of private user data and have gradually become a hub to control users' other personal Internet-of-Things devices. Access control on mobile devices is therefore highly important. The widely accepted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Mathias Payer , Reza Moazzezi , Mario Frank

BIOMETRICS are an important and widely used class of methods for identity verification and access control. Biometrics are attractive because they are inherent properties of an individual. They need not be remembered like passwords, and are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-26 Shantanu Rane , Ye Wang , Stark. C. Draper , Prakash Ishwar