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Related papers: Claim Extraction in Biomedical Publications using …

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This work describes the adaptation of a pretrained sequence-to-sequence model to the task of scientific claim verification in the biomedical domain. We propose VERT5ERINI that exploits T5 for abstract retrieval, sentence selection and label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Ronak Pradeep , Xueguang Ma , Rodrigo Nogueira , Jimmy Lin

Rare diseases, including Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEM), pose significant diagnostic challenges. Case reports serve as key but computationally underutilized resources to inform diagnosis. Clinical dense information extraction refers to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Xiao Yu Cindy Zhang , Carlos R. Ferreira , Francis Rossignol , Raymond T. Ng , Wyeth Wasserman , Jian Zhu

The extraction of lung lesion information from clinical and medical imaging reports is crucial for research on and clinical care of lung-related diseases. Large language models (LLMs) can be effective at interpreting unstructured text in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Diya Li , Asim Kadav , Aijing Gao , Rui Li , Richard Bourgon

Given the recent proliferation of false claims online, there has been a lot of manual fact-checking effort. As this is very time-consuming, human fact-checkers can benefit from tools that can support them and make them more efficient. Here,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Shaden Shaar , Nikola Georgiev , Firoj Alam , Giovanni Da San Martino , Aisha Mohamed , Preslav Nakov

One of the challenges in event extraction via traditional supervised learning paradigm is the need for a sizeable annotated dataset to achieve satisfactory model performance. It is even more challenging when it comes to event extraction in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Meisin Lee , Lay-Ki Soon , Eu-Gene Siew

Clinical notes containing valuable patient information are written by different health care providers with various scientific levels and writing styles. It might be helpful for clinicians and researchers to understand what information is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Hoda Memarzadeh , Nasser Ghadiri , Matthias Samwald , Maryam Lotfi Shahreza

Scientific topics, claims and resources are increasingly debated as part of online discourse, where prominent examples include discourse related to COVID-19 or climate change. This has led to both significant societal impact and increased…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Salim Hafid , Sebastian Schellhammer , Sandra Bringay , Konstantin Todorov , Stefan Dietze

Open-domain question answering can be reformulated as a phrase retrieval problem, without the need for processing documents on-demand during inference (Seo et al., 2019). However, current phrase retrieval models heavily depend on sparse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Jinhyuk Lee , Mujeen Sung , Jaewoo Kang , Danqi Chen

Relation extraction in the biomedical domain is challenging due to the lack of labeled data and high annotation costs, needing domain experts. Distant supervision is commonly used to tackle the scarcity of annotated data by automatically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Saadullah Amin , Pasquale Minervini , David Chang , Pontus Stenetorp , Günter Neumann

Extracting scientific evidence from biomedical studies for clinical research questions (e.g., Does stem cell transplantation improve quality of life in patients with medically refractory Crohn's disease compared to placebo?) is a crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Massimiliano Pronesti , Joao Bettencourt-Silva , Paul Flanagan , Alessandra Pascale , Oisin Redmond , Anya Belz , Yufang Hou

The fundamental process of evidence extraction and synthesis in evidence-based medicine involves extracting PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) elements from biomedical literature. However, Outcomes, being the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yiliang Zhou , Abigail M. Newbury , Gongbo Zhang , Betina Ross Idnay , Hao Liu , Chunhua Weng , Yifan Peng

Assessing the quality of arguments and of the claims the arguments are composed of has become a key task in computational argumentation. However, even if different claims share the same stance on the same topic, their assessment depends on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Gabriella Skitalinskaya , Jonas Klaff , Henning Wachsmuth

Motivated by the promising performance of pre-trained language models, we investigate BERT in an evidence retrieval and claim verification pipeline for the FEVER fact extraction and verification challenge. To this end, we propose to use two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Amir Soleimani , Christof Monz , Marcel Worring

Event extraction is an important work of medical text processing. According to the complex characteristics of medical text annotation, we use the end-to-end event extraction model to enhance the output formatting information of events.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Wei Feng , Ruochen Huang , Yun Yu , Huiting Sun , Yun Liu

We report an implementation of a clinical information extraction tool that leverages deep neural network to annotate event spans and their attributes from raw clinical notes and pathology reports. Our approach uses context words and their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Peng Li , Heng Huang

Claim decomposition plays a crucial role in the fact-checking process by breaking down complex claims into simpler atomic components and identifying their unfactual elements. Despite its importance, current research primarily focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Minghui Huang

The successful analysis of argumentative techniques from user-generated text is central to many downstream tasks such as political and market analysis. Recent argument mining tools use state-of-the-art deep learning methods to extract and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Amirhossein Farzam , Shashank Shekhar , Isaac Mehlhaff , Marco Morucci

Developing the required technology to assist medical experts in their everyday activities is currently a hot topic in the Artificial Intelligence research field. Thus, a number of large language models (LLMs) and automated benchmarks have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Iakes Goenaga , Aitziber Atutxa , Koldo Gojenola , Maite Oronoz , Rodrigo Agerri

Diffusion models have recently shown promising results for difficult enhancement tasks such as the conditional and unconditional restoration of natural images and audio signals. In this work, we explore the possibility of leveraging a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-24 Hao Yen , François G. Germain , Gordon Wichern , Jonathan Le Roux

Citation texts are sometimes not very informative or in some cases inaccurate by themselves; they need the appropriate context from the referenced paper to reflect its exact contributions. To address this problem, we propose an unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Arman Cohan , Nazli Goharian