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Related papers: Problem of Time and Background Independence: class…

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In a major advance and simplification of this field, we show that A Local Resolution of the Problem of Time - also viewable as A Local Theory of Background Independence - can at the classical level be described solely by of Lie's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-01 Edward Anderson

We introduce nine further local facets of the classical Problem of Time, and underlying Background Independence aspects, the previous two Articles having covered one further facet-and-aspect each for a total of eleven. I.e. 1) Constraint…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-28 Edward Anderson

The Lie claw digraph controls Background Independence and thus the Problem of Time and indeed the Fundamental Nature of Physical Law. This has been established in the realms of Flat and Differential Geometry with varying amounts of extra…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-05 Edward Anderson

The Lie claw digraph has recently been shown to control Background Independence and thus both the Problem of Time and the nature of Physical Law. This is established for Flat and Differential Geometry with varying amounts of extra…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-14 Edward Anderson

A Local Resolution of the Problem of Time has recently been given, alongside reformulation as A Local Theory of Background Independence. The classical part of this can be viewed as requiring just Lie's Mathematics, albeit entrenched in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-09 Edward Anderson

A local resolution of the Problem of Time has recently been given, alongside reformulation as a local theory of Background Independence. The classical part of this can be viewed as requiring just Lie's Mathematics, albeit entrenched in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-02 Edward Anderson

We now set up Constraint Closure in a manner consistent with Temporal and Configurational Relationalism. This requires modifying the Dirac Algorithm - which addresses the Constraint Closure Problem facet of the Problem of Time piecemeal -…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-10 Edward Anderson

This paper concerns what Background Independence itself is (as opposed to some particular physical theory that is background independent). The notions presented mostly arose from a layer-by-layer analysis of the facets of the Problem of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-08 Edward Anderson

In this final piecemeal treatment of local Problem of Time facets, and underlying Background Independence aspects, we first reconsider the ten local facets and aspects considered so far at the quantum level. This is essential both to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-25 Edward Anderson

Background Independence is the modern form of the relational side of the Absolute versus Relational Debate. Difficulties with its implementation form the Problem of Time. Its 9 facets - Isham and Kucha\v{r}'s conceptual classification -…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-13 Edward Anderson

This Series of Articles provides a local resolution of this major longstanding foundational problem between QM and GR, or, more generally, between Background Dependent and Background Independent Physics. We focus on the classical version;…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-25 Edward Anderson

Assuming Temporal and Configurational Relationalism, GR as Geometrodynamic's DeWitt supermetric alongside local Lorentzian Relativity with its universal finite maximum propagation speed arises as one of very few options from Feeding…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-11 Edward Anderson

First class constraints in a canonical formalism of a gauge theory might generate transformations which map a state to its physically equivalent state. This is called Dirac's conjecture. There are two examples which may be candidates of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-01-15 Takayuki Hori

We analyze the canonical treatment of classical constrained mechanical systems formulated with a discrete time. We prove that under very general conditions, it is possible to introduce nonsingular canonical transformations that preserve the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Cayetano Di Bartolo , Rodolfo Gambini , Rafael Porto , Jorge Pullin

We present a pseudoclassical mechanics model which exhibits gauge symmetry and time-reparametrization invariance. As such, first- and second-class constraints restrict the phase space, and the Hamiltonian weakly vanishes. We show that the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-04-07 Mauricio Valenzuela

By adding the total time derivatives of all the constraints to the Lagrangian step by step, we achieve the further work of the Dirac conjecture left by Dirac. Hitherto, the Dirac conjecture is proved completely. It is worth noticing that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-11-01 Yong-Long Wang , Chang-Tan Xu , Hua Jiang , Wei-Tao Lu , Hong-Zhe Pan , Hong-Shi Zong

Finding the Lie-algebraic closure of a handful of matrices has important applications in quantum computing and quantum control. For most realistic cases, the closure cannot be determined analytically, necessitating an explicit numerical…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yutaro Iiyama

We discuss the use of Dirac structures to obtain a better understanding of the geometry of a class of optimal control problems and their reduction by symmetries. In particular we will show how to extend the reduction of Dirac structures…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-04-12 Alberto Ibort , Thalia Rodriguez De La Peña , Rebecca Salmoni

The Dirac-Bergmann algorithm for the Hamiltonian analysis of constrained systems is a nice and powerful tool, widely used for quantization and non-perturbative counting of degrees of freedom. However, certain aspects of its application to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-09 Kirill Russkov

I lay out the problem of time facets as arising piecemeal from a number of aspects of background independence. Almost all of these already have simpler classical counterparts. This approach can be viewed as a facet by facet completion of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-16 Edward Anderson
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