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The blockchain concept forms the backbone of a new wave technology that promises to be deployed extensively in a wide variety of industrial and societal applications. Governments, financial institutions, banks, industrial supply chains,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Shivika Narang

Blockchain technology is among the fastest-growing technologies in the world today. It has been adopted in diverse areas but mostly in financial systems, such as Bitcoin cryptocurrency. Therefore, it is a niche that has attracted interest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Mabrook S. Al-Rakhami , Abdu Gumaei , Sk. Md. Mizanur Rahman , Atif Al-Amri

More than ten years ago the blockchain was acclaimed as the solution to overcome centralised trusted third parties for online payments. Through the years the crypto-movement changed and evolved, although decentralisation remained the core…

In recent years, cryptocurrencies have attracted growing attention from both private investors and institutions. Among them, Bitcoin stands out for its impressive volatility and widespread influence. This paper explores the predictability…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-29 Grégory Bournassenko

Blockchain has attracted broad interests to build decentralised applications. Blockchain has attracted broad interests to build decentralised applications. However, developing such applications without introducing vulnerabilities is hard…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Qinghua Lu , An Binh Tran , Ingo Weber , Hugo O'Connor , Paul Rimba , Xiwei Xu , Mark Staples , Liming Zhu , Ross Jeffery

Purposely modular, this protocol enables customization of several protocol properties, including the consensus properties implemented, blockchain type, the roots used, and virtual machine opcodes, among others. These modules enable…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Jovonni L. Pharr

With the rapid growth of renewable energy resources, the energy trading began to shift from centralized to distributed manner. Blockchain, as a distributed public ledger technology, has been widely adopted to design new energy trading…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Naiyu Wang , Xiao Zhou , Xin Lu , Zhitao Guan , Longfei Wu , Xiaojiang Du , Mohsen Guizani

As blockchain technology rapidly evolves, the demand for enhanced efficiency, security, and scalability grows.Transformer models, as powerful deep learning architectures,have shown unprecedented potential in addressing various blockchain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Tianxu Liu , Yanbin Wang , Jianguo Sun , Ye Tian , Yanyu Huang , Tao Xue , Peiyue Li , Yiwei Liu

Limited access to computing resources and training data poses significant challenges for individuals and groups aiming to train and utilize predictive machine learning models. Although numerous publicly available machine learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Matthew T. Pisano , Connor J. Patterson , Oshani Seneviratne

Cryptocurrencies have recently been in the spotlight of public debate due to their embrace by the new US President, with crypto fans expecting a 'bull run'. The global cryptocurrency market capitalisation is more than \$3.50 trillion, with…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Marco Venturini , Daniel García-Costa , Elena Álvarez-García , Francisco Grimaldo , Flaminio Squazzoni

Cryptocurrency blockchains, beyond their primary role as distributed payment systems, are increasingly used to store and share arbitrary content, such as text messages and files. Although often non-financial, this hidden content can impact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Charalampos Kleitsikas , Nikolaos Korfiatis , Stefanos Leonardos , Carmine Ventre

This thesis provides an in-depth exploration of the Decentralized Co-governance Crowdfunding (DCC) Ecosystem, a novel solution addressing prevailing challenges in conventional crowdfunding methods faced by MSMEs and innovative projects.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Bingyou Chen , Yu Luo , Jieni Li , Yujian Li , Ying Liu , Fan Yang , Junge Bo , Yanan Qiao

Blockchain has received much attention recently, due to its promises of verifiable, permanent, decentralized, and efficient data handling. In 2017-2019 blockchain and associated technologies such as smart contracts has progressed beyond…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Artyom Kosmarski

Modern blockchain ecosystems comprise many heterogeneous networks, creating a growing need for interoperability. Cross-chain bridges provide the core infrastructure for this interoperability by enabling verifiable state transitions that…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yiyue Cao , Mingzhe Zheng , Lin William Cong , Siguang Li , Xuechao Wang

A key challenge for Bitcoin cryptocurrency holders, such as startups using ICOs to raise funding, is managing their FX risk. Specifically, a misinformed decision to convert Bitcoin to fiat currency could, by itself, cost USD millions. In…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-15 Cuneyt Akcora , Matthew Dixon , Yulia Gel , Murat Kantarcioglu

To draw a roadmap of current research activities of the blockchain community, we first conduct a brief overview of state-of-the-art blockchain surveys published in the recent 5 years. We found that those surveys are basically studying the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Huawei Huang , Wei Kong , Sicong Zhou , Zibin Zheng , Song Guo

Blockchain is a type of decentralized distributed database. Unlike traditional relational database management systems, it does not require management or maintenance by a third party. All data management and update processes are open and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jiaqi Huang , Yuanzheng Niu , Xiaoqi Li , Zongwei Li

This study provides a practical introduction to high-frequency trading in blockchain-based currency markets. These types of markets have some specific characteristics that differentiate them from the stock markets, such as a large number of…

General Economics · Economics 2023-04-19 Vittorio Astarita

We argue that the machine learning value chain is structurally unsustainable due to an economic data processing inequality: each state in the data cycle from inputs to model weights to synthetic outputs refines technical signal but strips…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Ruoxi Jia , Luis Oala , Wenjie Xiong , Suqin Ge , Jiachen T. Wang , Feiyang Kang , Dawn Song

Blockchain has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its potential to revolutionize various industries by providing trustlessness. To comprehensively examine blockchain systems, this article presents both a macro-level…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Minghui Xu , Yihao Guo , Chunchi Liu , Qin Hu , Dongxiao Yu , Zehui Xiong , Dusit Niyato , Xiuzhen Cheng