Related papers: Mechanisms underlying the response of mouse cortic…
Most cortical inhibitory cell types exclusively express one of three genes, parvalbumin, somatostatin and 5HT3a. The visual responses of cortical neurons are affected not only by local cues, but also by visual context. As the inhibitory…
Correlated electrical activity in neurons is a prominent characteristic of cortical microcircuits. Despite a growing amount of evidence concerning both spike-count and subthreshold membrane potential pairwise correlations, little is known…
Cell assemblies manipulation by optogenetics is pivotal to advance neuroscience and neuroengineering. In in vivo applications, photostimulation often broadly addresses a population of cells simultaneously, leading to feed-forward and to…
In the classic view of cortical rhythms, the interaction between excitatory pyramidal neurons (E) and inhibitory parvalbumin neurons (I) has been shown to be sufficient to generate gamma and beta band rhythms. However, it is now clear that…
Commonly studied cellular automata are memoryless and have fixed topology of connections between cells. However by allowing updates of links and short-term memory in cells we may potentially discover novel complex regimes of spatio-temporal…
Receptive profiles of V1 cortical cells are very heterogeneous and act by differentiating the stimulus image as operators changing from point to point. A lightness and color constancy image can be reconstructed as the solution of the…
Recent advances in techniques for monitoring and perturbing neural populations have greatly enhanced our ability to study circuits in the brain. In particular, two-photon holographic optogenetics now enables precise photostimulation of…
Although neurons in columns of visual cortex of adult carnivores and primates share similar orientation tuning preferences, responses of nearby neurons are surprisingly sparse and temporally uncorrelated, especially in response to complex…
Reward processing and derangements thereof, such as drug addiction, involve the coordinated activity of many brain areas. Prior work has identified many behavioral, molecular biological and single neuron changes throughout the…
Many neurons in the visual cortex are orientation-selective, increase their firing rate with contrast and are modulated by attention. What is the cortical circuit that underlies these computations? We examine how synchrony can be modulated…
Cell polarization is a critical process that separates molecular species into two distinct regions in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, guiding biological processes such as cell division and cell differentiation. Although several underlying…
Lateral connections in the primary visual cortex (V1) have long been hypothesized to be responsible of several visual processing mechanisms such as brightness induction, chromatic induction, visual discomfort and bottom-up visual attention…
Identification and manipulation of different GABAergic interneuron classes in the behaving animal are important to understand their role in circuit dynamics and behavior. The combination of optogenetics and large-scale neuronal recordings…
Cell signaling networks are complex and often incompletely characterized, making it difficult to obtain a comprehensive picture of the mechanisms they encode. Mathematical modeling of these networks provides important clues, but the models…
The visual systems of birds and mammals exhibit remarkable organizational similarities: the dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR) demonstrates a columnar microcircuitry that parallels the cortical architecture observed in mammals. However, the…
Exploring and establishing artificial neural networks with electrophysiological characteristics and high computational efficiency is a popular topic in the field of computer vision. Inspired by the working mechanism of primary visual…
Several experiments and models have highlighted the importance of neuronal heterogeneity in brain dynamics and function. However, how such a cell-to-cell diversity can affect cortical computation, synchronization, and neuronal communication…
Inspired by the hierarchical cognitive architecture and the perception-action model (PAM), we propose that the internal status acts as a kind of common-coding representation which affects, mediates and even regulates the sensorimotor…
The first-principal simulations are applied to study a photo-induced metastability in amorphous selenium (a-Se) and the contribution of the valence-alteration pair (VAP) defects in this process. The VAP defect is confirmed to be the…
The operational characteristics of a linear neural network image processing system based on the brain's vision system are investigated. The final stage of the network consists of edge detectors of various orienations arranged in a feature…