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We outline a Bayesian model-averaged meta-analysis for standardized mean differences in order to quantify evidence for both treatment effectiveness $\delta$ and across-study heterogeneity $\tau$. We construct four competing models by…

Meta-analysis is a statistical method used in evidence synthesis for combining, analyzing and summarizing studies that have the same target endpoint and aims to derive a pooled quantitative estimate using fixed and random effects models or…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-25 Ivette Raices Cruz , Matthias C. M. Troffaes , Johan Lindström , Ullrika Sahlin

Incorporating historical data or real-world evidence has a great potential to improve the efficiency of phase I clinical trials and to accelerate drug development. For model-based designs, such as the continuous reassessment method (CRM),…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-11 Yanhong Zhou , J. Jack Lee , Shunguang Wang , Stuart Bailey , Ying Yuan

We present ProbMetab, an R package which promotes substantial improvement in automatic probabilistic LC-MS based metabolome annotation. The inference engine core is based on a Bayesian model implemented to: (i) allow diverse source of…

Meta-analysis is widely used to integrate results from multiple experiments to obtain generalized insights. Since meta-analysis datasets are often heteroscedastic due to varying subgroups and temporal heterogeneity arising from experiments…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-19 Kohsuke Kubota , Shonosuke Sugasawa , Keiichi Ochiai , Takahiro Hoshino

Bayesian inference is on the rise, partly because it allows researchers to quantify parameter uncertainty, evaluate evidence for competing hypotheses, incorporate model ambiguity, and seamlessly update knowledge as information accumulates.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-15 František Bartoš , Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

The use of external data in clinical trials offers numerous advantages, such as reducing the number of patients, increasing study power, and shortening trial durations. In Bayesian inference, information in external data can be transferred…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Xuetao Lu , J. Jack Lee

Background: Network Meta-Analysis (NMA) is a key component of submissions to reimbursement agencies world-wide, especially when there is limited direct head-to-head evidence for multiple technologies from randomised controlled trials…

This paper introduces the \proglang{R} package \pkg{meta4diag} for implementing Bayesian bivariate meta-analyses of diagnostic test studies. Our package \pkg{meta4diag} is a purpose-built front end of the \proglang{R} package \pkg{INLA}.…

Applications · Statistics 2016-07-08 Jingyi Guo , Andrea Riebler

We revisit the problem of simultaneously testing the means of $n$ independent normal observations under sparsity. We take a Bayesian approach to this problem by introducing a scale-mixture prior known as the normal-beta prime (NBP) prior.…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-29 Ray Bai , Malay Ghosh

There is currently a focus on statistical methods which can use external trial information to help accelerate the discovery, development and delivery of medicine. Bayesian methods facilitate borrowing which is "dynamic" in the sense that…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-09 Sophia Axillus , Alex Lewin , Darren Scott

Optimally sequencing experimental assays in drug discovery is a high-stakes planning problem under severe uncertainty and resource constraints. A primary obstacle for standard reinforcement learning (RL) is the absence of an explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Tianchi Chen , Jan Bima , Sean L. Wu , Otto Ritter , Bingjia Yang , Xiang Yu

While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for estimating treatment effects in medical research, there is increasing use of and interest in using real-world data for drug development. One such use case is the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-11 Devin Incerti , Michael T Bretscher , Ray Lin , Chris Harbron

When performing an aggregate data meta-analysis of a continuous outcome, researchers often come across primary studies that report the sample median of the outcome. However, standard meta-analytic methods typically cannot be directly…

Bayesian statistics is an integral part of contemporary applied science. bayesics provides a single framework, unified in syntax and output, for performing the most commonly used statistical procedures, ranging from one- and two-sample…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-18 Daniel K. Sewell , Alan T. Arakkal

We develop an empirical Bayes framework for experimental design that leverages information from prior related studies. When a researcher has access to estimates from previous studies on similar parameters, they can use empirical Bayes to…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-25 Zhiheng You

Robust statistical data modelling under potential model mis-specification often requires leaving the parametric world for the nonparametric. In the latter, parameters are infinite dimensional objects such as functions, probability…

We introduce a new empirical Bayes approach for large-scale multiple linear regression. Our approach combines two key ideas: (i) the use of flexible "adaptive shrinkage" priors, which approximate the nonparametric family of scale mixture of…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-13 Youngseok Kim , Wei Wang , Peter Carbonetto , Matthew Stephens

We present a general approach to synthesizing evidence of time-to-event endpoints in meta-analyses of aggregate data (AD). Our work goes beyond most previous meta-analytic research by using reconstructed survival data as a source of…

Prior sensitivity examination plays an important role in applied Bayesian analyses. This is especially true for Bayesian hierarchical models, where interpretability of the parameters within deeper layers in the hierarchy becomes…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-12-18 Malgorzata Roos , Thiago G. Martins , Leonhard Held , Havard Rue