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By starting with the Maxwell theory of electromagnetism, we study the change of polarization state of light transmitting through optically anisotropic media. The basic idea is to reduce the Maxwell equation to the Schroedinger like equation…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-30 Hiroshi Kuratsuji , Shouhei Kakigi

With assumption that an optical element is described by a Mueller matrix of the Lorentzian type, a method to find a 3-dimensional complex vector parameter for a corresponding Mueller matrix from results of four specially chosen polarization…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-01-30 E. M. Ovsiyuk

The transmission Jones matrix of an arbitrary stack of reciprocal plane parallel plates which has been turned through 180 degrees about an axis in the plane of the stack is, in an appropriate basis, the transpose of the transmission matrix…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rajendra Bhandari

An arbitrary Mueller matrix can be decomposed into a sum of up to four deterministic Mueller-Jones matrices, with strengths given by the eigenvalues of an associated Hermitian matrix. A geometrical representation of the eigenvalues in terms…

Optics · Physics 2015-10-06 Colin J. R. Sheppard

In this paper we consider four basic multidimensional matrix operations (outer product, Kronecker product, contraction, and projection) and two derivative operations (dot and circle products). We start with the interrelations between these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-31 Anna A. Taranenko

We propose that the height-angle ray vector in matrix optics should be complex, based on a geometric algebra analysis. We also propose that the ray's 2x2 matrix operators should be right-acting, so that the matrix product succession would…

Optics · Physics 2008-12-04 Quirino M. Sugon , Daniel J. McNamara

Statistical mechanics of two coupled vector fields is studied in the tight-binding model that describes propagation of polarized light in discrete waveguides in the presence of the four-wave mixing. The energy and power conservation laws…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-10-09 S. A. Derevyanko

Forward models for the Mueller Matrix (MM) components of materials with relative magnetic permeability tensor {\mu} \neq 1 are studied. 4x4 matrix formalism is employed to produce general solutions for the complex reflection coefficients…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-19 P. D. Rogers , T. D. Kang , T. Zhou , M. Kotelyanskii , A. A. Sirenko

For paraxial light beams and electromagnetic fields, the Stokes vector and polarization matrix provide equivalent scalar measures of optical chirality, widely used in linear optics. However, growing interest in non-paraxial fields, with…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-23 Kayn A. Forbes , David L. Andrews

Four Stokes parameters (1852) define the polarisation state of light. Measured changes of the Stokes vector of light traversing an inhomogeneous sample are linked to the local anisotropies of absorption and refraction and are harnessed over…

A formalism for two-photon Stokes parameters is introduced to describe the polarization entanglement of photon pairs. This leads to the definition of a degree of two-photon polarization, which describes the extent to which the two photons…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ayman F. Abouraddy , Alexander V. Sergienko , Bahaa E. A. Saleh , Malvin C. Teich

Optics and lenses are abstract categorical gadgets that model systems with bidirectional data flow. In this paper we observe that the denotational definition of optics - identifying two optics as equivalent by observing their behaviour from…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-21 Bruno Gavranović

This work introduces and characterizes a theoretical model of a reflective polarimetric measurement technique determining the surface stress of a dielectric material, e.g. glass. We have developed a procedure to reconstruct the actual…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-17 Felix B. Müller , Georgios Ctistis

We outline a program to classify domain walls (DWs) and vector solitons in the 1D two-component coupled nonlinear Schrodinger (CNLS) equation with general coefficients. The CNLS equation is reduced first to a complex ordinary differential…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2024-01-10 David D. J. M. Snee , Yi-Ping Ma

We discuss complex rephasing invariants of charged lepton and neutrino mass matrices and associated theorems which determine in general (i) the number of physically meaningful phases in these matrices and (ii) which elements of these…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Kusenko , R. Shrock

The effects of the polarization characteristics of beam trains in optical long-baseline interferometers are well known and have led to difficulties in measuring the spatial coherence of astronomical sources in the past. This has been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-23 Guy Perrin

Determinantal varieties -- the sets of bounded-rank matrices or tensors -- have attracted growing interest in low-rank optimization. The tangent cone to low-rank sets is widely studied and underpins a range of geometric methods. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Yan Yang , Bin Gao , Ya-xiang Yuan

We analyze the generation of polarization cross-talk in Stokes polarimeters by atmospheric seeing, and its effects on the noise statistics of spectropolarimetric measurements for both single-beam and dual-beam instruments. We investigate…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Roberto Casini , Alfred G. de Wijn , Philip G. Judge

Vector polarization induced by a change in scalar phase has been far beyond our understanding of the relationship between polarization and phase in classical optics due to the entanglement of inherent polarized modes of light beams. To…

Model independent expressions for all polarization observables in $\mu+p\to \mu+p$ elastic scattering are obtained, taking into account the lepton mass and including the two-photon exchange contribution. The spin structure of the matrix…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-20 G. I. Gakh , M. Konchatnyi , A. Dbeyssi , E. Tomasi-Gustafsson