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Attosecond science has opened up new frontiers in our understanding of processes happening on the intrinsic timescale of electrons. The ability to manipulate and observe phenomena at the attosecond level has yielded groundbreaking insights…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Lidice Cruz-Rodriguez , Diptesh Dey , Antonia Freibert , Philipp Stammer

Shake-up is a fundamental phenomenon in photoionisation of many-electron systems whereby the ionisation of one electron is accompanied by the simultaneous excitation of another. As a single-photon two-electron excitation, it is the most…

Attosecond science is well developed for atoms and promising results have been obtained for molecules and solids. Here, we review the first steps in developing attosecond time-resolved measurements in liquids. These advances provide access…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-09-11 H. J. Wörner , A. Schild , D. Jelovina , I. Jordan , C. Perry , T. T. Luu , Z. Yin

We theoretically study how time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy can be applied for imaging coherent electron dynamics in molecules. We consider a process in which a pump pulse triggers coherent electronic dynamics in a…

Optics · Physics 2018-12-11 Daria Popova-Gorelova , Jochen Küpper , Robin Santra

We theoretically study time-resolved photoemission in atoms as probed by attosecond streaking. We review recent advances in the study of the photoelectric effect in the time domain and show that the experimentally accessible time shifts can…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-03-06 Stefan Nagele , Renate Pazourek , Michael Wais , Georg Wachter , Joachim Burgdörfer

The electron motion in atoms and molecules is at the heart of all phenomena in nature that occur outside the nucleus. Recently, ultrafast electron and X-ray imaging tools have been developed to image the ultrafast dynamics of matter in real…

A recent paper by Hui et al. (Ref. [1], Sci. Adv. 10, eadp5805 (2024)) claims the demonstration of 'Attosecond electron microscopy and diffraction' with laser-gated electron pulses. In this comment, we point out a series of physical and…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-11-25 P. Baum , C. Ropers

Coherent diffractive imaging is a technique that recovers the sample image by numerically inverting its diffraction pattern. We propose a generalization of this method for the inversion of multi-wavelength data. Using this approach, we show…

Optics · Physics 2020-05-08 Erik Malm , Edwin Fohtung , Anders Mikkelsen

Attosecond transient-absorption spectroscopy (ATAS) is an established method for exploring electron dynamics on the subfemtosecond time-scale. ATAS spectra contain certain ubiquitous features, such as oscillating fringes, light-induced…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Jørgen Johansen Rørstad , Jens E. Bækhøj , Lars Bojer Madsen

We propose an experimental arrangement to image, with attosecond resolution, transient surface plasmonic excitations. The required modifications to state-of-the-art setups used for attosecond streaking experiments from solid surfaces only…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-18 Mattia Lupetti , Julia Hengster , Thorsten Uphues , Armin Scrinzi

The pursuit of ever-shorter time scales is a frontier in modern physics, exemplified by the synthesis of attosecond light pulses -- an achievement made possible by coherently superimposing a broad range of photon energies, as required by…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Xin Jin , Cruz I. Velasco , F. Javier García de Abajo

The implementation of attosecond photoelectron-photoion coincidence spectroscopy for the investigation of atomic and molecular dynamics calls for a high-repetition-rate driving source combined with experimental setups characterized by…

We show that the complete photoemission dynamics in situations of electron-ion entanglement can be retrieved from photoelectron spectral measurements without information on the ion. To this end, we develop an energy-time analysis of the…

Phase-sensitive coherent imaging exploits changes in the phases of backscattered light to observe tiny alterations of scattering structures or variations of the refractive index. But moving scatterers or a fluctuating refractive index…

State-of-the-art attosecond metrology deals with the detection and characterization of photon pulses with typical energies up to the hundreds of eV and time resolution of several tens of attoseconds. Such short pulses are used for example…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-04 Andreas Ipp , Jörg Evers , Christoph H. Keitel , Karen Z. Hatsagortsyan

Electrons in atoms and molecules move on attosecond time scales. Deciphering their quantum dynamics in space and time calls for high-resolution microscopy at this speed. While scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) driven with terahertz…

We develop a first-principles simulation method for attosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. This method enables us to directly simulate the whole experimental processes, including excitation, emission and detection on equal…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Shunsuke A. Sato , Hannes Hübener , Angel Rubio , Umberto De Giovannini

Reflective ptychography is a promising lensless imaging technique with a wide field of view, offering significant potential for applications in semiconductor manufacturing and detection. However, many semiconductor materials are coated with…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-03 Yun Gao , Qijun You , Peixiang Lu , Wei Cao

Coherent microscopy techniques provide an unparalleled multi-scale view of materials across scientific and technological fields, from structural materials to quantum devices, from integrated circuits to biological cells. Driven by the…

The resolution limits of classical spectroscopy can be surpassed by quantum-inspired methods leveraging the information contained in the phase of the complex electromagnetic field. Their counterpart in spatial imaging has been widely…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-02 Michał Lipka , Michał Parniak