Related papers: Most Laplacian eigenvalues of a tree are small

Threshold graphs are graphs that can be characterized in a number of different ways. For example, they are graphs that are $P_4,\ C_4,\ 2K_2$--free. They may also be characterized by a finite sequence of positive integers $a_1, \ldots,…

Let $G$ be a finite simple graph with Laplacian polynomial $\psi(G,\lambda)=\sum_{k=0}^n(-1)^{n-k}c_k\lambda^k$. In an earlier paper, the coefficients $c_{n-4}$ and $c_{n-5}$ for tree with respect to some degree-based graph invariants were…

We consider the class of simple graphs with large algebraic connectivity (the second-smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix). For this class of graphs we determine the asymptotic behavior of the number of Eulerian orientations. In…

The size of the largest common subtree (maximum agreement subtree) of two independent uniform random binary trees on $n$ leaves is known to be between orders $n^{1/8}$ and $n^{1/2}$. By a construction based on recursive splitting and…

Let $G$ be a simple graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges and let $k$ be a natural number such that $k\leq n.$ Brouwer conjectured that the sum of the $k$ largest Laplacian eigenvalues of $G$ is at most $m+{k+1 \choose 2}.$ In this paper we…

We prove that, if $m$ is sufficiently large, every graph on $m+1$ vertices that has a universal vertex and minimum degree at least $\lfloor \frac{2m}{3} \rfloor$ contains each tree $T$ with $m$ edges as a subgraph. Our result confirms, for…

An eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph is said to be main if the all-ones vector is not orthogonal to its associated eigenspace. A generalized Bethe tree with $k$ levels is a rooted tree in which vertices at the same level have…

Let $L(n,d)$ denote the minimum possible number of leaves in a tree of order $n$ and diameter $d.$ In 1975 Lesniak gave the lower bound $B(n,d)=\lceil 2(n-1)/d\rceil$ for $L(n,d).$ When $d$ is even, $B(n,d)=L(n,d).$ But when $d$ is odd,…

If $G$ is a graph and $\mathbf{m}$ is an ordered multiplicity list which is realizable by at least one symmetric matrix with graph $G$, what can we say about the eigenvalues of all such realizing matrices for $\mathbf{m}$? It has sometimes…

The first nontrivial eigenvalue of the Laplacian can be considered as a functional on the space of all Riemannian metrics of unit volume on a fixed surface. In this paper we prove that for the surface of genus 2 the supremum of this…

We give a Large Deviation Principle (LDP) with explicit rate function for the distribution of vertex degrees in plane trees, a combinatorial model of RNA secondary structures. We calculate the typical degree distributions based on nearest…

Let $\mathcal{L}(T,\lambda)=\sum_{k=0}^n(-1)^{k}c_{k}(T)\lambda^{n-k}$ be the characteristic polynomial of its Laplacian matrix of a tree $T$. This paper studied some properties of the generating function of the coefficients sequence $(c_0,…

For a bounded domain $\Omega$ with a piecewise smooth boundary in a complete Riemannian manifold $M$, we study eigenvalues of the Dirichlet eigenvalue problem of the Laplacian. By making use of a fact that eigenfunctions form an orthonormal…

Let $G$ be a finite solvable group, let $Irr(G)$ be the set of all complex irreducible characters of $G$ and let $cd(G)$ be the set of all degrees of characters in $Irr(G).$ Let $\rho(G)$ be the set of primes that divide degrees in $cd(G).$…

The average size of connected vertex subsets of a connected graph generalises a much-studied parameter for subtrees of trees. For trees, the possible values of this parameter are critically affected by the presence or absence of vertices of…

In this paper we study the eigenvalues of the laplacian matrices of the cyclic graphs with one edge of weight $\alpha$ and the others of weight $1$. We denote by $n$ the order of the graph and suppose that $n$ tends to infinity. We notice…

We give a short proof of the fact that the number of labelled trees on $n$ vertices is $n^{n-2}$. Although many short proofs are known, we have not seen this one before.

Let $\mathcal{T}$ be the set of spanning trees of $G$ and let $L(T)$ be the number of leaves in a tree $T$. The leaf number $L(G)$ of $G$ is defined as $L(G)=\max\{L(T)|T\in \mathcal{T}\}$. Let $G$ be a connected graph of order $n$ and…

Let $G$ be a graph with $p(G)$ pendant vertices and $q(G)$ quasi-pendant vertices. Denote by $m_{L(G)}(\lambda)$ the multiplicity of $\lambda$ as a Laplacian eigenvalue of $G$. Let $\overline{G}$ be the reduced graph of $G$, which can be…

Motivated by the study of the crossing number of graphs, it is shown that, for trees, the sum of the products of the degrees of the end-vertices of all edges has an upper bound in terms of the sum of all vertex degrees to the power of…