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While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and vision transformers (ViTs) have advanced medical image segmentation, they face inherent limitations such as local receptive fields in CNNs and high computational complexity in ViTs. This paper…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Pooya Ashtari , Shahryar Noei , Fateme Nateghi Haredasht , Jonathan H. Chen , Giuseppe Jurman , Aleksandra Pizurica , Sabine Van Huffel

Vascular structures in the retina contain important information for the detection and analysis of ocular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. Commonly used modalities in diagnosis of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Erick O. Rodrigues , Aura Conci , Panos Liatsis

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieved the state-of-the-art performance in medical image segmentation due to their ability to extract highly complex feature representations. However, it is argued in recent studies that traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zhendi Gong , Andrew P. French , Guoping Qiu , Xin Chen

Medical image segmentation plays an essential role in developing computer-assisted diagnosis and therapy systems, yet still faces many challenges. In the past few years, the popular encoder-decoder architectures based on CNNs (e.g., U-Net)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Guoping Xu , Xingrong Wu , Xuan Zhang , Xinwei He

Segmenting of clinically important retinal blood vessels into arteries and veins is a prerequisite for retinal vessel analysis. Such analysis can provide potential insights and bio-markers for identifying and diagnosing various retinal eye…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Sharan SK , Subin Sahayam , Umarani Jayaraman , Lakshmi Priya A

Accurate cerebrovascular segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) and Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is of great significance in diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular pathology. Due to the complexity and topology…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-22 Zhanqiang Guo , Yao Luan , Jianjiang Feng , Wangsheng Lu , Yin Yin , Guangming Yang , Jie Zhou

High fidelity segmentation of both macro and microvascular structure of the retina plays a pivotal role in determining degenerative retinal diseases, yet it is a difficult problem. Due to successive resolution loss in the encoding phase…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-20 Sharif Amit Kamran , Khondker Fariha Hossain , Alireza Tavakkoli , Stewart Lee Zuckerbrod , Kenton M. Sanders , Salah A. Baker

Precision in identifying and differentiating micro and macro blood vessels in the retina is crucial for the diagnosis of retinal diseases, although it poses a significant challenge. Current autoencoding-based segmentation approaches…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-05 Rui Yang , Shunpu Zhang

In medical imaging, there are clinically relevant segmentation tasks where the output mask is a projection to a subset of input image dimensions. In this work, we propose a novel convolutional neural network architecture that can…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-03 Dmitrii Lachinov , Philipp Seeboeck , Julia Mai , Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth , Hrvoje Bogunovic

Segmentation of retinal vessel images is critical to the diagnosis of retinopathy. Recently, convolutional neural networks have shown significant ability to extract the blood vessel structure. However, it remains challenging to refined…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-22 Geng-Xin Xu , Chuan-Xian Ren

We propose a novel deep-learning-based system for vessel segmentation. Existing methods using CNNs have mostly relied on local appearances learned on the regular image grid, without considering the graphical structure of vessel shape. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Seung Yeon Shin , Soochahn Lee , Il Dong Yun , Kyoung Mu Lee

Vessel segmentation of retinal images is a key diagnostic capability in ophthalmology. This problem faces several challenges including low contrast, variable vessel size and thickness, and presence of interfering pathology such as…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-19 Venkateswararao Cherukuri , Vijay Kumar BG , Raja Bala , Vishal Monga

Retinal fundus images provide valuable insights into the human eye's interior structure and crucial features, such as blood vessels, optic disk, macula, and fovea. However, accurate segmentation of retinal blood vessels can be challenging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Atifa Kalsoom , M. A. Iftikhar , Amjad Ali , Zubair Shah , Shidin Balakrishnan , Hazrat Ali

The study of the retinal vasculature is a fundamental stage in the screening and diagnosis of many diseases. A complete retinal vascular analysis requires to segment and classify the blood vessels of the retina into arteries and veins…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-21 José Morano , Álvaro S. Hervella , Jorge Novo , José Rouco

The treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) requires continuous eye exams using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The need for treatment is determined by the presence or change of disease-specific OCT-based biomarkers.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Timo Kepp , Helge Sudkamp , Claus von der Burchard , Hendrik Schenke , Peter Koch , Gereon Hüttmann , Johann Roider , Mattias P. Heinrich , Heinz Handels

Timely and affordable computer-aided diagnosis of retinal diseases is pivotal in precluding blindness. Accurate retinal vessel segmentation plays an important role in disease progression and diagnosis of such vision-threatening diseases. To…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-26 Tariq M. Khan , Syed S. Naqvi , Antonio Robles-Kelly , Imran Razzak

Automatic analysis of retinal blood images is of vital importance in diagnosis tasks of retinopathy. Segmenting vessels accurately is a fundamental step in analysing retinal images. However, it is usually difficult due to various imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Yishuo Zhang , Albert C. S. Chung

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common form of diabetic eye disease. Retinopathy can affect all diabetic patients and becomes particularly dangerous, increasing the risk of blindness, if it is left untreated. The success rate of its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Oindrila Saha , Rachana Sathish , Debdoot Sheet

Retinal vessel segmentation plays an imaportant role in the field of retinal image analysis because changes in retinal vascular structure can aid in the diagnosis of diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. In recent research, numerous…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-09 Changlu Guo , Márton Szemenyei , Yugen Yi , Ying Xue , Wei Zhou , Yangyuan Li

Automatic quantification of perifoveal vessel densities in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) images face challenges such as variable intra- and inter-image signal to noise ratios, projection artefacts from outer vasculature…