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Related papers: Causal Regularization

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The technique of data augmentation (DA) is often used in machine learning for regularization purposes to better generalize under i.i.d. settings. In this work, we present a unifying framework with topics in causal inference to make a case…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Uzair Akbar , Niki Kilbertus , Hao Shen , Krikamol Muandet , Bo Dai

An important unresolved challenge in the theory of regularization is to set the regularization coefficients of popular techniques like the ElasticNet with general provable guarantees. We consider the problem of tuning the regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Maria-Florina Balcan , Mikhail Khodak , Dravyansh Sharma , Ameet Talwalkar

In this article, we study rates of convergence of the generalization error of multi-class margin classifiers. In particular, we develop an upper bound theory quantifying the generalization error of various large margin classifiers. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Xiaotong Shen , Lifeng Wang

In causal inference, interference occurs when the treatment of one unit may affect the outcomes of other units. The goal of this work is to serve as a guide to the use of linear outcome modeling for estimating causal effects in settings…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-01 Eric Tong , Salvador V. Balkus

Regularization is a well studied problem in the context of neural networks. It is usually used to improve the generalization performance when the number of input samples is relatively small or heavily contaminated with noise. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-04-19 Salah Rifai , Xavier Glorot , Yoshua Bengio , Pascal Vincent

This paper aims at analyzing the regularization effect that data augmentation induces on supervised regression methods in the proportional regime, where the number of covariates grows proportionally to the number of samples. We provide a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Lucas Morisset , Alain Durmus , Adrien Hardy

While much of the causal inference literature has focused on addressing internal validity biases, both internal and external validity are necessary for unbiased estimates in a target population of interest. However, few generalizability…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-07 Irina Degtiar , Tim Layton , Jacob Wallace , Sherri Rose

Confounding seriously impairs our ability to learn about causal relations from observational data. Confounding can be defined as a statistical association between two variables due to inputs from a common source (the confounder). For…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-17 Anders Ledberg

The notion of developing statistical methods in machine learning which are robust to adversarial perturbations in the underlying data has been the subject of increasing interest in recent years. A common feature of this work is that the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-28 Dimitris Bertsimas , Martin S. Copenhaver

It is evidence that representation learning can improve model's performance over multiple downstream tasks in many real-world scenarios, such as image classification and recommender systems. Existing learning approaches rely on establishing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Mengyue Yang , Xinyu Cai , Furui Liu , Xu Chen , Zhitang Chen , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang

Overfitting data is a well-known phenomenon related with the generation of a model that mimics too closely (or exactly) a particular instance of data, and may therefore fail to predict future observations reliably. In practice, this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-14 Matias Vera , Leonardo Rey Vega , Pablo Piantanida

Overfitting is a well-known issue in machine learning that occurs when a model struggles to generalize its predictions to new, unseen data beyond the scope of its training set. Traditional techniques to mitigate overfitting include early…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Flavio Giorgi , Fabiano Veglianti , Fabrizio Silvestri , Gabriele Tolomei

Causal inference from observational data provides strong evidence for the best action in decision-making without performing expensive randomized trials. The effect of an action is usually not identifiable under unobserved confounding, even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Md Musfiqur Rahman , Ziwei Jiang , Hilaf Hasson , Murat Kocaoglu

In the field of machine learning there is a growing interest towards more robust and generalizable algorithms. This is for example important to bridge the gap between the environment in which the training data was collected and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Wim Casteels , Peter Hellinckx

Estimating individual and average treatment effects from observational data is an important problem in many domains such as healthcare and e-commerce. In this paper, we advocate balance regularization of multi-head neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Mehrdad Farajtabar , Andrew Lee , Yuanjian Feng , Vishal Gupta , Peter Dolan , Harish Chandran , Martin Szummer

In this work, we consider causal inference in various high-dimensional treatment settings, including for single multi-valued treatments and vector treatments with binary or continuous components, when the number of treatments can be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Patrick Kramer , Edward H. Kennedy , Isaac M. Opper

Although overparameterized models have achieved remarkable practical success, their theoretical properties, particularly their generalization behavior, remain incompletely understood. The well known double descents phenomenon suggests that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Haoran Zhan , Yingcun Xia

Mitigating shortcuts, where models exploit spurious correlations in training data, remains a significant challenge for improving generalization. Regularization methods have been proposed to address this issue by enhancing model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Haoyang Hong , Ioanna Papanikolaou , Sonali Parbhoo

Estimation in generalized linear models (GLM) is complicated by the presence of constraints. One can handle constraints by maximizing a penalized log-likelihood. Penalties such as the lasso are effective in high dimensions, but often lead…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-07 Jason Xu , Eric C. Chi , Kenneth Lange

Invariant prediction uses the prediction stability of causal relationships across different environments to identify causal variables. Conversely, using causal variables gives prediction guarantees even in out-of-sample data settings. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-04 Lucas Kania , Ernst Wit