Related papers: What Do Developers Ask About ML Libraries? A Large…

Issue resolution and bug-fixing processes are essential in the development of machine-learning libraries, similar to software development, to ensure well-optimized functions. Understanding the issue resolution and bug-fixing process of…

Nowadays, intelligent systems and services are getting increasingly popular as they provide data-driven solutions to diverse real-world problems, thanks to recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML).…

The application of machine learning (ML) libraries has been tremendously increased in many domains, including autonomous driving systems, medical, and critical industries. Vulnerabilities of such libraries result in irreparable…

Software libraries are central to the functionality, security, and maintainability of modern code. As developers increasingly turn to Large Language Models (LLMs) to assist with programming tasks, understanding how these models recommend…

Software developers are increasingly required to understand fundamental Data science (DS) concepts. Recently, the presence of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) has dramatically increased in the development of user applications,…

Background: As Machine Learning (ML) advances rapidly in many fields, it is being adopted by academics and businesses alike. However, ML has a number of different challenges in terms of maintenance not found in traditional software…

Deep learning (DL) becomes increasingly pervasive, being used in a wide range of software applications. These software applications, named as DL based software (in short as DL software), integrate DL models trained using a large data corpus…

Machine Learning (ML) is being used in multiple disciplines due to its powerful capability to infer relationships within data. In particular, Software Engineering (SE) is one of those disciplines in which ML has been used for multiple…

With the increasing popularity of machine learning (ML), many open-source software (OSS) contributors are attracted to developing and adopting ML approaches. Comprehensive understanding of ML contributors is crucial for successful ML OSS…

Recent advances in deep learning (dl) have led to the release of several dl software libraries such as pytorch, Caffe, and TensorFlow, in order to assist machine learning (ml) practitioners in developing and deploying state-of-the-art deep…

In the past two decades, several Machine Learning (ML) libraries have become freely available. Many studies have used such libraries to carry out empirical investigations on predictive Software Engineering (SE) tasks. However, the…

Context: On top of the inherent challenges startup software companies face applying proper software engineering practices, the non-deterministic nature of machine learning techniques makes it even more difficult for machine learning (ML)…

Machine Learning (ML) is increasingly being adopted in different industries. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a subdomain of ML used to produce intelligent agents. Despite recent developments in DRL technology, the main challenges that…

Context: Advancements in machine learning (ML) lead to a shift from the traditional view of software development, where algorithms are hard-coded by humans, to ML systems materialized through learning from data. Therefore, we need to…

Machine Learning software documentation is different from most of the documentations that were studied in software engineering research. Often, the users of these documentations are not software experts. The increasing interest in using…

In machine learning (ML), efficient asset management, including ML models, datasets, algorithms, and tools, is vital for resource optimization, consistent performance, and a streamlined development lifecycle. This enables quicker…

Logging is a common practice in traditional software development. Several research works have been done to investigate the different characteristics of logging practices in traditional software systems (e.g., Android applications, JAVA…

Debugging ML software (i.e., the detection, localization and fixing of faults) poses unique challenges compared to traditional software largely due to the probabilistic nature and heterogeneity of its development process. Various methods…

Machine learning (ML), including deep learning, has recently gained tremendous popularity in a wide range of applications. However, like traditional software, ML applications are not immune to the bugs that result from programming errors.…

As big data grows ubiquitous across many domains, more and more stakeholders seek to develop Machine Learning (ML) applications on their data. The success of an ML application usually depends on the close collaboration of ML experts and…