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Three-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamics (3D RHD) simulations of stellar surface convection provide valuable insights into many problems in solar and stellar physics. However, almost all 3D near-surface convection simulations to date are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-13 Yixiao Zhou , Anish M. Amarsi , Victor Aguirre Børsen-Koch , Klara G. Karlsmose , Remo Collet , Thomas Nordlander

As the 3D spatial properties of exoplanet atmospheres are being observed in increasing detail by current and new generations of telescopes, the modelling of the 3D scattering effects of cloud forming atmospheres with inhomogeneous opacity…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-04 Elspeth Lee , Kenneth Wood , Ian Dobbs-Dixon , Anna Rice , Christiane Helling

One significant difference between the atmospheres of stars and exoplanets is the presence of condensed particles (clouds or hazes) in the atmosphere of the latter. The main goal of this paper is to develop a self-consistent microphysical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 A. Zsom , L. Kaltenegger , C. Goldblatt

The absorption of stellar radiation observed by the HD209458b in resonant lines of OI and CII has not yet been satisfactorily modeled. In our previous 2D simulations we have shown that the hydrogen-dominated upper atmosphere of HD209458b,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-14 I F Shaikhislamov , M L Khodachenko , H Lammer , A G Berezutsky , I B Miroshnichenko , M S Rumenskikh

We present results from a set of simulations using a fully coupled three-dimensional (3D) chemistry-radiation-hydrodynamics model and investigate the effect of transport of chemical species by the large-scale atmospheric flow in hot Jupiter…

We present highlights from a large set of simulations of a hot Jupiter atmosphere, nominally based on HD 209458b, aimed at exploring both the evolution of the deep atmosphere, and the acceleration of the zonal flow or jet. We find the…

In this paper we present three-dimensional atmospheric simulations of the hot Jupiter HD~189733b under two different scenarios: local chemical equilibrium and including advection of the chemistry by the resolved wind. Our model consistently…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-19 Benjamin Drummond , Nathan J. Mayne , James Manners , Isabelle Baraffe , Jayesh Goyal , Pascal Tremblin , David K. Sing , Krisztian Kohary

Using a general circulation model with newly implemented cloud modeling, we investigate how radiative feedback can self-consistently shape condensate cloud distributions, temperatures, and fluxes in a hot Jupiter atmosphere. We apply a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 Michael Roman , Emily Rauscher

Hot Jupiters exhibit large day-night temperature contrasts. Their cooler nightsides are thought to host clouds. However, the exact nature of these clouds, their spatial distribution, and their impact on atmospheric dynamics, thermal…

Hot Jupiters exhibit atmospheric temperatures ranging from hundreds to thousands of Kelvin. Because of their large day-night temperature differences, condensable species that are stable in the gas phase on the dayside, such as TiO and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Vivien Parmentier , Adam P. Showman , Yuan Lian

Using a self-consistent atmosphere code, we construct a new model of the atmosphere of the transiting extrasolar giant planet HD 209458b to investigate the disparity between the observed strength of the sodium absorption feature at 589 nm…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. J. Fortney , D. Sudarsky , I. Hubeny , C. S. Cooper , W. B. Hubbard , A. Burrows , J. I. Lunine

Warm Saturn type exoplanets orbiting M-dwarfs are particularly suitable for in-depth cloud characterisation through transmission spectroscopy due to their favourable stellar to planetary radius contrast. However, modelling cloud formation…

We present the results from the simulations of the atmospheres of hot-Jupiters HD189733b, HD209458b and WASP-39b, assuming the presence of three different types of haze. Using a 3D General Circulation Model, the Unified Model, we capture…

Context. Observations suggest that exoplanets such as HD 189733b form clouds in their atmospheres which have a strong feedback onto their thermodynamical and chemical structure, and overall appearance. Aims. Inspired by mineral cloud…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-04 E. K. H. Lee , Ch. Helling , I. Dobbs-Dixon , D. Juncher

We present an update of the open-source photochemical kinetics code VULCAN (Tsai et al. 2017; https://github.com/exoclime/VULCAN) to include C-H-N-O-S networks and photochemistry. Additional new features are advection transport,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-05 Shang-Min Tsai , Matej Malik , Daniel Kitzmann , James R. Lyons , Alexander Fateev , Elspeth Lee , Kevin Heng

We aim to understand cloud formation in substellar objects. We combined the non-equilibrium, stationary cloud model of Helling, Woitke & Thi (2008; seed formation, growth, evaporation, gravitational settling, element conservation) with the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Christiane Helling , Matthias Dehn , Peter Woitke , Peter H. Hauschildt

We present a new approach for simulating the atmospheric dynamics of the close-in giant planet HD209458b that allows for the decoupling of radiative and thermal energies, direct stellar heating of the interior, and the solution of the full…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Ian Dobbs-Dixon , Andrew Cumming , D. N. C Lin

We present a 3D fully selfconsistent multi-fluid hydrodynamic aeronomy model to study the structure of a hydrogen dominated expanding upper atmosphere around the hot Jupiter HD 209458b and the warm Neptune GJ 436b. In comparison to previous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-21 I. F. Shaikhislamov , M. L. Khodachenko , H. Lammer , A. G. Berezutsky , I. B. Miroshnichenko , M. S. Rumenskikh

We present a computationally efficient 1-D seasonal radiative model, with convective adjustment, of Jupiter's atmosphere. Our model takes into account radiative forcings from the main hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, acetylene), ammonia,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-13 Sandrine Guerlet , Aymeric Spiga , Thierry Fouchet , Hugues Delattre

The elemental ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in the atmospheres of hot Jupiters may hold clues to their formation locations in the protostellar disc. In this work, we adopt gas phase chemical abundances of C, N and O from several…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-22 Spandan Dash , Liton Majumdar , Karen Willacy , Shang-Min Tsai , Neal Turner , P. B. Rimmer , Murthy S. Gudipati , Wladimir Lyra , Anil Bhardwaj