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The basic random $k$-SAT problem is: Given a set of $n$ Boolean variables, and $m$ clauses of size $k$ picked uniformly at random from the set of all such clauses on our variables, is the conjunction of these clauses satisfiable? Here we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-13 Joel Larsson , Klas Markström

We propose bounded fitting as a scheme for learning description logic concepts in the presence of ontologies. A main advantage is that the resulting learning algorithms come with theoretical guarantees regarding their generalization to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Balder ten Cate , Maurice Funk , Jean Christoph Jung , Carsten Lutz

Although Boolean Constraint Technology has made tremendous progress over the last decade, the efficacy of state-of-the-art solvers is known to vary considerably across different types of problem instances and is known to depend strongly on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-07 Holger Hoos , Roland Kaminski , Marius Lindauer , Torsten Schaub

Several fragments of the satisfiability problem have been studied in the literature. Among these, Linear 3-SAT is a satisfaction problem in which each clause (viewed as a set of literals) intersects with at most one other clause; moreover,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Victorien Desbois , Ocan Sankur , François Schwarzentruber

We solve two long-standing open problems on word equations. Firstly, we prove that a one-variable word equation with constants has either at most three or an infinite number of solutions. The existence of such a bound had been conjectured,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-25 Dirk Nowotka , Aleksi Saarela

Constraint satisfiability problems, crucial to several applications, are solved on a quantum computer using Grover's search algorithm, leading to a quadratic improvement over the classical case. The solutions are obtained with high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Gayathree M. Vinod , Anil Shaji

We present a novel approach for solving quantified bit-vector formulas in Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) based on computing symbolic inverses of bit-vector operators. We derive conditions that precisely characterize when bit-vector…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Aina Niemetz , Mathias Preiner , Andrew Reynolds , Clark Barrett , Cesare Tinelli

The aim of this short note is mainly pedagogical. It summarizes some knowledge about Boolean satisfiability (SAT) and the P=NP? problem in an elementary mathematical language. A convenient scheme to visualize and manipulate CNF formulae is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-15 Bernd R. Schuh

We consider probabilistic automata on infinite words with acceptance defined by parity conditions. We consider three qualitative decision problems: (i) the positive decision problem asks whether there is a word that is accepted with…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-07-12 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Mathieu Tracol

This paper deals with the polynomial linear system solving with errors (PLSwE) problem. Specifically, we focus on the evaluation-interpolation technique for solving polynomial linear systems and we assume that errors can occur in the…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Guerrini Eleonora , Lebreton Romain , Zappatore Ilaria

Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problems are critical in fields such as artificial intelligence and cryptography, where efficient solutions are essential. Conventional probabilistic solvers often encounter scalability issues due to complex…

We consider the satisfiability problem for the two-variable fragment of the first-order logic extended with modulo counting quantifiers and interpreted over finite words or trees. We prove a small-model property of this logic, which gives a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Bartosz Bednarczyk , Witold Charatonik

The study of SAT and its variants has provided numerous NP-complete problems, from which most NP-hardness results were derived. Due to the NP-hardness of SAT, adding constraints to either specify a more precise NP-complete problem or to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Nacim Oijid

We present a PSPACE algorithm that decides satisfiability of the graded modal logic Gr(K_R)---a natural extension of propositional modal logic K_R by counting expressions---which plays an important role in the area of knowledge…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Stephan Tobies

Efficient solutions for satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) are integral in industrial applications such as hardware verification and design automation. Existing approaches are predominantly based on conflict-driven clause learning, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yunuo Cen , Daniel Ebler , Xuanyao Fong

We study preprocessing techniques for clause normal forms of LTL formulas. Applying the mechanism of labelled clauses enables us to reinterpret LTL satisfiability as a set of purely propositional problems and thus to transfer simplification…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-10-01 Martin Suda

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are widely used in modern communication equipment and SAW equations describe the critical physical processes of acoustic-electric conversion in SAW devices. It is very challenging to numerically solve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-07 Jianguo Huang , Likun Qiu

There are many types of automata and grammar models that have been studied in the literature, and for these models, it is common to determine whether certain problems are decidable. One problem that has been difficult to answer throughout…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Oscar H. Ibarra , Ian McQuillan

In this paper, we prove that the general CNF satisfiability problem can be solved in $O^*(1.0638^L)$ time, where $L$ is the length of the input CNF-formula (i.e., the total number of literals in the formula), which improves the previous…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Junqiang Peng , Mingyu Xiao

Strings are widely used in programs, especially in web applications. Integer data type occurs naturally in string-manipulating programs, and is frequently used to refer to lengths of, or positions in, strings. Analysis and testing of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Taolue Chen , Matthew Hague , Jinlong He , Denghang Hu , Anthony Widjaja Lin , Philipp Rummer , Zhilin Wu