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For the water-air system, the bulk density ratio is as high as about 1000; no model can fully tackle such a high density ratio system. In the Navier-Stokes and Euler equations, the density $\rho$ within the water-air interface is assumed to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-27 Fei Wang

A recently developed framework of highly-anisotropic and strongly-dissipative hydrodynamics -- ADHYDRO -- has been introduced and used to analyze the space-time evolution of matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-07-04 Radoslaw Ryblewski

The primary objective of this thesis is to develop a consistent theoretical framework of dissipative hydrodynamics for a relativistic fluid with spin - hereafter referred to as relativistic dissipative spin hydrodynamics. In this framework,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-25 Asaad Daher

We use the relativistic perfect-fluid hydrodynamics to describe the space-time evolution of dense baryonic matter produced in the central nucleus-nucleus collisions at HIRFL-CSR, HIAF, FAIR-CBM, NICA-MPD, and RHIC-BES. The transverse flow…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-07-11 Gong-Ming Yu , Jian-Song Wang

A new formulation of (3+1)-dimensional anisotropic hydrodynamics is presented that accounts nonperturbatively for the large longitudinal-transverse pressure anisotropy and bulk viscous pressure in heavy-ion collisions. The initialization of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 Mike McNelis , Dennis Bazow , Ulrich Heinz

The equations governing dissipative relativistic hydrodynamics are formulated within the 3+1 approach for arbitrary spacetimes. Dissipation is accounted for by applying the theory of extended causal thermodynamics (Israel-Stewart theory).…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Jochen Peitz , Stefan Appl

The influence of the dissipative terms on the conditions of formation and the characteristic parameters of shock waves in relativistic nuclear collisions is investigated for three types of equation of state (non linear QHD-1, resonance gas…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 L. Mornas , U. Ornik

We study the isentropic evolution of the matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions for various values of the entropy-per-baryon ratio of interest for the ongoing and future experimental searches for the critical endpoint (CEP) in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-03-11 Mario Motta , Rainer Stiele , Wanda Maria Alberico , Andrea Beraudo

This work presents a Bayesian inference study for relativistic heavy-ion collisions in the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. The theoretical model simulates event-by-event (3+1)D collision dynamics using…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-02-03 Syed Afrid Jahan , Hendrik Roch , Chun Shen

In high energy collisions nuclei are practically transparent to each other but produce very hot, nearly baryon-free, matter in the central rapidity region. Where do the baryons go? We calculate the energy loss of the nuclei using the color…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 Joseph I. Kapusta , Ming Li

Hybrid approaches based on relativistic hydrodynamics and transport theory have been successfully applied for many years for the dynamical description of heavy ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies. In this work a new viscous hybrid…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-09 Iu. A. Karpenko , P. Huovinen , H. Petersen , M. Bleicher

Relativistic heavy-ion collisions generate ultra-strong magnetic fields that interact with the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a key focus of high-energy physics research.This study investigates QGP energy density evolution under time-dependent…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-03-31 Huang-Jing Zheng , Sheng-Qin Feng

We introduce a new framework of highly-anisotropic hydrodynamics that includes dissipation effects. Dissipation is defined by the form of the entropy source that depends on the pressure anisotropy and vanishes for the isotropic fluid. With…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-04-04 Wojciech Florkowski , Radoslaw Ryblewski

We present results of numerical simulations of the 3+1d Nambu - Jona-Lasinio model with a non-zero baryon chemical potential mu, with particular emphasis on the superfluid diquark condensate and associated susceptibilities. The results,…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-11-07 Simon Hands , David N. Walters

The early post-merger phase of a binary neutron-star coalescence is shaped by characteristic rotational velocities as well as violent density oscillations and offers the possibility to constrain the properties of neutron star matter by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-10 Michail Chabanov , Luciano Rezzolla

We extend the derivation of second-order relativistic viscous hydrodynamics to incorporate the effects of baryon current, a non-vanishing chemical potential, and a realistic equation of state. Starting from a microscopic quantum theory, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-10 Asaad Daher , Leonardo Tinti , Amaresh Jaiswal , Radoslaw Ryblewski

A full (3+1)-dimensional calculation using the Lagrangian hydrodynamics is proposed for relativistic nuclear collisions. The calculation enables us to evaluate anisotropic flow of hadronic matter which appears in non-central and/or…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 Chiho Nonaka , Eiji Honda , Shin Muroya

We investigate a (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic expansion of the hot and dense system created in head-on collisions of Pb+Pb/Au+Au at beam energies from $5-200A$ GeV. An equation of state that incorporates a critical end point (CEP) in line…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Steinheimer , M. Bleicher , H. Petersen , S. Schramm , H. Stocker , D. Zschiesche

The matter created in relativistic heavy ion collisions is fairly well described by ideal hydrodynamics, and somewhat better described by viscous hydrodynamics. To this point, most viscous calculations have been two-dimensional, based on an…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 Joshua Vredevoogd , Scott Pratt

This study investigates the dynamics of incompressible fluid flows through quaternionic variables integrated within Sobolev-Besov spaces. Traditional mathematical models for fluid dynamics often employ Sobolev spaces to analyze the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Rômulo Damasclin Chaves dos Santos