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We study exact majority consensus in the population protocol model. In this model, the system is described by a graph $G = (V,E)$ with $n$ nodes, and in each time step, a scheduler samples uniformly at random a pair of adjacent nodes to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Joel Rybicki , Jakob Solnerzik , Olivier Stietel , Robin Vacus

Population protocols are a model of distributed computation intended for the study of networks of independent computing agents with dynamic communication structure. Each agent has a finite number of states, and communication opportunities…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Michael Raskin

Electing a leader is a classical problem in distributed computing system. Synchronization between processes often requires one process acting as a coordinator. If an elected leader node fails, the other nodes of the system need to elect…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-03-14 P Beaulah Soundarabai , Ritesh Sahai , Thriveni J , K R Venugopal , L M Patnaik

We investigate space-time trade-offs for population protocols in sparse interaction graphs. In complete interaction graphs, optimal space-time trade-offs are known for the leader election and exact majority problems. However, it has…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Joel Rybicki , Jakob Solnerzik , Robin Vacus

A {\em leader election} algorithm is an elimination process that divides recursively into tow subgroups an initial group of n items, eliminates one subgroup and continues the procedure until a subgroup is of size 1. In this paper the biased…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hanene Mohamed

The {\em parallel time} of a population protocol is defined as the average number of required interactions that an agent in the protocol participates, i.e., the quotient between the total number of interactions required by the protocol and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Artur Czumaj , Andrzej Lingas

This work concerns the general issue of combined optimality in terms of time and space complexity. In this context, we study the problem of (exact) counting resource-limited and passively mobile nodes in the model of population protocols,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-23 James Aspnes , Joffroy Beauquier , Janna Burman , Devan Sohier

We address the self-stabilizing bit-dissemination problem, designed to capture the challenges of spreading information and reaching consensus among entities with minimal cognitive and communication capacities. Specifically, a group of $n$…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Niccolò D'Archivio , Robin Vacus

We introduce a new coordination problem in distributed computing that we call the population stability problem. A system of agents each with limited memory and communication, as well as the ability to replicate and self-destruct, is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Shafi Goldwasser , Rafail Ostrovsky , Alessandra Scafuro , Adam Sealfon

We propose a protocol to solve Leader Election within weak communication models such as the beeping model or the stone-age model. Unlike most previous work, our algorithm operates on only six states, does not require unique identifiers, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Robin Vacus , Isabella Ziccardi

In this paper we present a framework for leader election in multi-hop radio networks which yield randomized leader election algorithms taking $O(\text{broadcasting time})$ in expectation, and another which yields algorithms taking fixed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Artur Czumaj , Peter Davies

Leader election is a basic symmetry breaking problem in distributed computing. All nodes of a network have to agree on a single node, called the leader. If the nodes of the network have distinct labels, then agreeing on a single node means…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Barun Gorain , Andrzej Pelc

We consider a single-server cyclic polling system with three queues where the server follows an adaptive rule: if it finds one of queues empty in a given cycle, it decides not to visit that queue in the next cycle. In the case of limited…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-03-20 Natalia Chernova , Sergey Foss , Bara Kim

We consider the problem of electing a leader among nodes in a highly dynamic network where the adversary has unbounded capacity to insert and remove nodes (including the leader) from the network and change connectivity at will. We present a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-10-21 John Augustine , Tejas Kulkarni , Paresh Nakhe , Peter Robinson

Population protocols are a model of distributed computation in which a collection of indistinguishable finite-state agents interact randomly in pairs to decide a predicate of their initial configuration. The agents decide by achieving a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Philipp Czerner , Javier Esparza , Vincent Fischer , Roland Guttenberg , Julian Pins , Simon Reilich

The execution time of programs is a key element in many areas of computer science, mainly those where achieving good performance (e.g., scheduling in cloud computing) or a predictable one (e.g., meeting deadlines in embedded systems) is the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Matheus Henrique Junqueira Saldanha

This paper concerns designing distributed algorithms that are {\em singularly optimal}, i.e., algorithms that are {\em simultaneously} time and message {\em optimal}, for the fundamental leader election problem in {\em asynchronous}…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Shay Kutten , William K. Moses , Gopal Pandurangan , David Peleg

Leader election is one of the fundamental and well-studied problems in distributed computing. In this paper, we initiate the study of leader election using mobile agents. Suppose $n$ agents are positioned initially arbitrarily on the nodes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ajay D. Kshemkalyani , Manish Kumar , Anisur Rahaman Molla , Gokarna Sharma

Unlimited asynchronism is intolerable in real physically distributed computer systems. Such systems, synchronous or not, use clocks and timeouts. Therefore the magnitudes of elapsed absolute time in the system need to satisfy the axiom of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2009-06-04 Paul M. B. Vitanyi

For nearly two decades, population protocols have been extensively studied, yielding efficient solutions for central problems in distributed computing, including leader election, and majority computation, a predicate type in Presburger…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Leszek Gąsieniec , Tytus Grodzicki , Tomasz Jurdziński , Jakub Kowalski , Grzegorz Stachowiak