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The Machine Consciousness Hypothesis states that consciousness is a substrate-free functional property of computational systems capable of second-order perception. I propose a research program to investigate this idea in silico by studying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Stephen Fitz

We look at consciousness through the lens of Theoretical Computer Science, a branch of mathematics that studies computation under resource limitations, distinguishing functions that are efficiently computable from those that are not. From…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Lenore Blum , Manuel Blum

The quest to understand consciousness, once the purview of philosophers and theologians, is now actively pursued by scientists of many stripes. We examine consciousness from the perspective of theoretical computer science (TCS), a branch of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Lenore Blum , Manuel Blum

We demonstrate that if consciousness is relevant for the temporal evolution of a system's states--that is, if it is dynamically relevant--then AI systems cannot be conscious. That is because AI systems run on CPUs, GPUs, TPUs or other…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Johannes Kleiner , Tim Ludwig

The question of whether artificial beings or machines could become self-aware or consciousness has been a philosophical question for centuries. The main problem is that self-awareness cannot be observed from an outside perspective and the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Patrick Krauss , Andreas Maier

As we know, "Who can be said to be a conscious being?" is one of the hard problems in present science, and no method has been found to strictly differentiate the conscious being from the being without consciousness or usual matter. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rui Qi

This paper presents a novel information-theoretic proof demonstrating that the human brain as currently understood cannot function as a classical digital computer. Through systematic quantification of distinguishable conscious states and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Andrew Knight

Rapid advances in artificial intelligence necessitate a re-examination of the epistemological foundations upon which we attribute consciousness. As AI systems increasingly mimic human behavior and interaction with high fidelity, the concept…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shurui Li

The problem of explaining the relationship between subjective experience and physical reality remains difficult and unresolved. In most explanations, consciousness is epiphenomenal, without causal power. The most notable exception is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-26 John Sanfey

The mysterious phenomenon of consciousness, after having been the subject of philosophic attention for few millennia, has drawn much scientific curiosity in recent decades; and many brilliant minds of various areas of sciences are trying to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-01 Jahan N. Schad

Sensible Quantum Mechanics or Mindless Sensationalism is a framework for relating consciousness to a quantum universe. It states that each conscious perception has a measure that is given by the expectation value of a corresponding quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-01 Don N. Page

We have defined the Conscious Turing Machine (CTM) for the purpose of investigating a Theoretical Computer Science (TCS) approach to consciousness. For this, we have hewn to the TCS demand for simplicity and understandability. The CTM is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Lenore Blum , Manuel Blum

This is a proof of the strong AI hypothesis, i.e. that machines can be conscious. It is a phenomenological proof that pattern-recognition and subjective consciousness are the same activity in different terms. Therefore, it proves that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-30 Ray Van De Walker

As artificially intelligent systems become more anthropomorphic and pervasive, and their potential impact on humanity more urgent, discussions about the possibility of machine consciousness have significantly intensified, and it is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-01 Nur Aizaan Anwar , Cosmin Badea

Consciousness and intelligence are properties commonly understood as dependent by folk psychology and society in general. The term artificial intelligence and the kind of problems that it managed to solve in the recent years has been shown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Eduardo C. Garrido Merchán , Sara Lumbreras

The encounter of artificial intelligence with consciousness research is often framed as a challenge: could this science determine whether such systems are conscious? We suggest it is equally an opportunity to expand and test the scope of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-16 Shahar Dror , Dafna Bergerbest , Moti Salti

It is normally claimed that physical systems create and influence consciousness, but that consciousness cannot influence physical systems. However, I believe that this idea is flawed, and I suggest the following experiments as a way of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard A Mould

Consciousness is a sequential process of awareness which can focus on one piece of information at a time. This process of awareness experiences causation which underpins the notion of time while it interplays with matter and energy, forming…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-24 Mahendra Samarawickrama

Scientific theories of consciousness should be falsifiable and non-trivial. Recent research has given us formal tools to analyze these requirements of falsifiability and non-triviality for theories of consciousness. Surprisingly, many…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-21 Erik Hoel

The Hard Problem of consciousness has been dismissed as an illusion. By showing that computers are capable of experiencing, we show that they are at least rudimentarily conscious with potential to eventually reach superconsciousness. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Roman V. Yampolskiy