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Equivariant neural networks provide a principled framework for incorporating symmetry into learning architectures and have been extensively analyzed through the lens of their separation power, that is, the ability to distinguish inputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Marco Pacini , Gabriele Santin , Bruno Lepri , Shubhendu Trivedi

Analyzing scalar and vector fields on the sphere, such as temperature or wind speed and direction on Earth, is a difficult task. Models should respect both the rotational symmetries of the sphere and the inherent symmetries of the vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Francesco Ballerin , Nello Blaser , Erlend Grong

The introduction of convolutional layers greatly advanced the performance of neural networks on image tasks due to innately capturing a way of encoding and learning translation-invariant operations, matching one of the underlying symmetries…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-15 Nicholas Guttenberg , Nathaniel Virgo , Olaf Witkowski , Hidetoshi Aoki , Ryota Kanai

Modern data analysis pipelines are becoming increasingly complex due to the presence of multi-view information sources. While graphs are effective in modeling complex relationships, in many scenarios a single graph is rarely sufficient to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-02 Uday Shankar Shanthamallu , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Huan Song , Andreas Spanias

Recently, a variety of new equivariant neural network model architectures have been proposed that generalize better over rotational and reflectional symmetries than standard models. These models are relevant to robotics because many…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Dian Wang , Robin Walters , Xupeng Zhu , Robert Platt

We propose a general architecture that combines the coefficient learning scheme with a residual operator layer for learning mappings between continuous functions in the 3D Euclidean space. Our proposed model is guaranteed to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Chaoran Cheng , Jian Peng

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), especially message-passing neural networks (MPNNs), have emerged as powerful architectures for learning on graphs in diverse applications. However, MPNNs face challenges when modeling non-local interactions in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-31 Ilyes Batatia , Lars L. Schaaf , Huajie Chen , Gábor Csányi , Christoph Ortner , Felix A. Faber

The translation equivariance of convolutions can make convolutional neural networks translation equivariant or invariant. Equivariance to other transformations (e.g. rotations, affine transformations, scalings) may also be desirable as soon…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-05 Mateus Sangalli , Samy Blusseau , Santiago Velasco-Forero , Jesus Angulo

Permutation equivariant neural networks are typically used to learn from data that lives on a graph. However, for any graph $G$ that has $n$ vertices, using the symmetric group $S_n$ as its group of symmetries does not take into account the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Edward Pearce-Crump , William J. Knottenbelt

Equivariant Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated significant success across various applications. To achieve completeness -- that is, the universal approximation property over the space of equivariant functions -- the network must…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jiacheng Cen , Anyi Li , Ning Lin , Tingyang Xu , Yu Rong , Deli Zhao , Zihe Wang , Wenbing Huang

A challenging problem in many modern machine learning tasks is to process weight-space features, i.e., to transform or extract information from the weights and gradients of a neural network. Recent works have developed promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Allan Zhou , Chelsea Finn , James Harrison

In this work, we consider one-shot imitation learning for object rearrangement tasks, where an AI agent needs to watch a single expert demonstration and learn to perform the same task in different environments. To achieve a strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Aviv Netanyahu , Tianmin Shu , Joshua Tenenbaum , Pulkit Agrawal

Permutation invariant neural networks are a promising tool for making predictions from sets. However, we show that existing permutation invariant architectures, Deep Sets and Set Transformer, can suffer from vanishing or exploding gradients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Lily H. Zhang , Veronica Tozzo , John M. Higgins , Rajesh Ranganath

While (message-passing) graph neural networks have clear limitations in approximating permutation-equivariant functions over graphs or general relational data, more expressive, higher-order graph neural networks do not scale to large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Christopher Morris , Gaurav Rattan , Sandra Kiefer , Siamak Ravanbakhsh

Availability of labelled data is the major obstacle to the deployment of deep learning algorithms for computer vision tasks in new domains. The fact that many frameworks adopted to solve different tasks share the same architecture suggests…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Pierluigi Zama Ramirez , Adriano Cardace , Luca De Luigi , Alessio Tonioni , Samuele Salti , Luigi Di Stefano

Convolutional Neural Networks define an exceptionally powerful class of models, but are still limited by the lack of ability to be spatially invariant to the input data in a computationally and parameter efficient manner. In this work we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-05 Max Jaderberg , Karen Simonyan , Andrew Zisserman , Koray Kavukcuoglu

At the core of self-supervised learning for vision is the idea of learning invariant or equivariant representations with respect to a set of data transformations. This approach, however, introduces strong inductive biases, which can render…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Sharut Gupta , Chenyu Wang , Yifei Wang , Tommi Jaakkola , Stefanie Jegelka

State-of-the-art deep learning systems often require large amounts of data and computation. For this reason, leveraging known or unknown structure of the data is paramount. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are successful examples of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Carlos Esteves

Geometric quantum machine learning uses the symmetries inherent in data to design tailored machine learning tasks with reduced search space dimension. The field has been well-studied recently in an effort to avoid barren plateau issues…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Zachary P. Bradshaw , Ethan N. Evans , Matthew Cook , Margarite L. LaBorde

The inclusion of symmetries as an inductive bias, known as equivariance, often improves generalization on geometric data (e.g. grids, sets, and graphs). However, equivariant architectures are usually highly constrained, designed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Abhinav Goel , Derek Lim , Hannah Lawrence , Stefanie Jegelka , Ningyuan Huang