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A population of binary stellar-mass black hole (BBH) mergers are believed to occur embedded in the accretion disk of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In this {\em Letter}, we demonstrate that the jets from these BBH mergers can propagate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-21 Jin-Ping Zhu

It remains an open question whether the binary black hole mergers observed with gravitational-wave detectors originate from the evolution of isolated massive binary stars or were dynamically driven by perturbations from the environment.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-23 Jakob Stegmann , Davide Gerosa , Isobel Romero-Shaw , Giulia Fumagalli , Hiromichi Tagawa , Lorenz Zwick

The accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are promising locations for the merger of compact objects detected by gravitational wave (GW) observatories. Embedded within a baryon-rich, high density environment, mergers within AGN are…

The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration has reported nearly 100 BH-BH mergers. The LVK provides estimates of rates, masses, effective spins, and redshifts for these mergers. Yet, the formation channel(s) of the mergers remains uncertain.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-31 K. Belczynski , Z. Doctor , M. Zevin , A. Olejak , S. Banerjee , D. Chattopadhyay

We present a novel self-consistent theoretical framework to characterize the formation, evolution, and merger sites of dynamically-formed black hole binaries, with a focus on explaining the most massive events observed by the…

The LIGO-Virgo Collaboration has so far detected around 90 black holes, some of which have masses larger than what were expected from the collapse of stars. The mass distribution of LIGO-Virgo black holes appears to have a peak at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-28 Heling Deng

The recent detection of gravitational waves from a binary merger involving a potential low-mass gap black hole (LMBH) by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration motivates investigations into mechanisms beyond conventional stellar evolution…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-05-12 Shuailiang Ge , Yuxin Liu , Jing Shu , Yue Zhao

Cosmic voids are known as underdense substructures of the cosmic web that cover a large volume of the Universe. It is known that cosmic voids contain a small number of dark matter halos, so the existence of primordial black holes (PBHs) in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-09 Saeed Fakhry , Seyed Sajad Tabasi , Javad T. Firouzjaee

We have calculated the detectable merger rate of primordial black holes, as a function of the redshift, as well as the binary's mass ratio, total mass and chirp mass (observables that have not previously been explored in great detail for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Andrew D. Gow , Christian T. Byrnes , Alex Hall , John A. Peacock

Despite a decade's worth of gravitational wave observation, the origin of the binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected by the LIGO-VIRGO-Kagra (LVK) collaboration remains an open question. Towards assessing the feasibility and prevalence of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-28 Yubo Su

Mergers of black-hole binaries are expected to release large amounts of energy in the form of gravitational radiation. However, binary evolution models predict merger rates too low to be of observational interest. In this paper we explore…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon Portegies Zwart , Stephen McMillan

Advanced LIGO and Virgo have detected ten binary black hole mergers by the end of their second observing run. These mergers have already allowed constraints to be placed on the population distribution of black holes in the Universe, which…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-16 Sharan Banagiri , Vuk Mandic , Claudia Scarlata , Kate Z. Yang

In the standard picture of stellar evolution, pair-instability -- the energy loss in stellar cores due to electron-positron pair production -- is predicted to prevent the collapse of massive stars into black holes with mass in the range…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-01 Nicolas Fernandez , Akshay Ghalsasi , Stefano Profumo , Nolan Smyth , Lillian Santos-Olmsted

The discovery of the gravitational-wave source GW150914 with the Advanced LIGO detectors provides the first observational evidence for the existence of binary black-hole systems that inspiral and merge within the age of the Universe. Such…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-17 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration , the Virgo Collaboration

LIGO's third observing run (O3) has reported several neutron star-black hole (NSBH) merger candidates. From a theoretical point of view, NSBH mergers have received less attention in the community than either binary black holes (BBHs), or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-04 Bao-Minh Hoang , Smadar Naoz , Kyle Kremer

Recent gravitational wave (GW) observations by LIGO/Virgo show evidence for hierarchical mergers, where the merging BHs are the remnants of previous BH merger events. These events may carry important clues about the astrophysical host…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-08-25 Hiromichi Tagawa , Zoltán Haiman , Imre Bartos , Bence Kocsis , Kazuyuki Omukai

Accretion discs around super-massive black holes (SMBH) not only power active galactic nuclei (AGNs), but also host single and binary embedded stellar-mass black holes (EBHs) that grow rapidly from gas accretion. The merger of these EBHs…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-12 Yi-Xian Chen , Douglas N. C. Lin

Gravitational waves can be focussed by the gravity of an intervening galaxy, just like light, thereby magnifying binary merging events in the far Universe. High magnification by galaxies is found to be responsible for the brightest sources…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-06 Tom Broadhurst , Jose M. Diego , George Smoot

We investigate the distribution of massive black holes (MBHs) in the Virgo cluster. Observations suggest that AGN activity is widespread in massive galaxies (M>1e10 solar masses), while at lower galaxy masses star clusters are more…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Marta Volonteri , Francesco Haardt , Kayhan Gultekin

We propose a Bayesian inference framework to predict the merger history of LIGO-Virgo binary black holes (BHs), whose binary components may have undergone hierarchical mergers in the past. The framework relies on numerical relativity…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-11 Parthapratim Mahapatra , Debatri Chattopadhyay , Anuradha Gupta , Fabio Antonini , Marc Favata , B. S. Sathyaprakash , K. G. Arun