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The ambition of brain-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) is to become a low-power alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). This work addresses two major challenges in realizing this vision: the performance gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Man Yao , Xuerui Qiu , Tianxiang Hu , Jiakui Hu , Yuhong Chou , Keyu Tian , Jianxing Liao , Luziwei Leng , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are emerging as a promising alternative to traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs), offering biological plausibility and energy efficiency. Despite these merits, SNNs are frequently hampered by limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yi Xiao , Qiangqiang Yuan , Kui Jiang , Wenke Huang , Qiang Zhang , Tingting Zheng , Chia-Wen Lin , Liangpei Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) represent a biologically inspired computation model capable of emulating neural computation in human brain and brain-like structures. The main promise is very low energy consumption. Unfortunately, classic Von…

Recently, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), enjoying extreme energy efficiency, have drawn much research attention on 2D visual recognition and shown gradually increasing application potential. However, it still remains underexplored whether…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Dayong Ren , Zhe Ma , Yuanpei Chen , Weihang Peng , Xiaode Liu , Yuhan Zhang , Yufei Guo

Spiking neural networks (SNN) are a biologically inspired model of neural networks with certain brain-like properties. In the past few decades, this model has received increasing attention in computer science community, owing also to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Prithwineel Paul , Petr Sosik , Lucie Ciencialova

The rising demand for energy-efficient edge AI systems (e.g., mobile agents/robots) has increased the interest in neuromorphic computing, since it offers ultra-low power/energy AI computation through spiking neural network (SNN) algorithms…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Pasindu Wickramasinghe , Muhammad Shafique

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged with promising energy-efficient property, yet a substantial performance gap persists compared to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). This gap stems from at least two key limitations: first,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Feifan Zhou , Xiang Wei , Yang Liu , Qiang Yu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a class of network models capable of processing spatiotemporal information, with event-driven characteristics and energy efficiency advantages. Recently, directly trained SNNs have shown potential to match…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Huaxu He

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have attracted recent interest due to their energy efficiency and biological plausibility. However, the performance of SNNs still lags behind traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), as there is no…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Henrique Branquinho , Nuno Lourenço , Ernesto Costa

Spiking Neural Networks are a type of neural networks where neurons communicate using only spikes. They are often presented as a low-power alternative to classical neural networks, but few works have proven these claims to be true. In this…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Edgar Lemaire , Loic Cordone , Andrea Castagnetti , Pierre-Emmanuel Novac , Jonathan Courtois , Benoit Miramond

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), demonstrating comparable performance in both visual and linguistic tasks while offering the advantage of improved…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Changze Lv , Tianlong Li , Wenhao Liu , Yufei Gu , Jianhan Xu , Cenyuan Zhang , Muling Wu , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) promise ultra-low-power applications by exploiting temporal and spatial sparsity. The number of binary activations, called spikes, is proportional to the power consumed when executed on neuromorphic hardware.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Gregor Lenz , Garrick Orchard , Sadique Sheik

In recent years, newly developed methods to train spiking neural networks (SNNs) have rendered them as a plausible alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in terms of accuracy, while at the same time being much more energy…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Nicolas Perez-Nieves , Dan F. M Goodman

Spiking neural network (SNN), as the next generation of artificial neural network (ANN), offer a closer mimicry of natural neural networks and hold promise for significant improvements in computational efficiency. However, the current SNN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Dengyu Wu , Gaojie Jin , Han Yu , Xinping Yi , Xiaowei Huang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are energy-efficient neural networks because of their spiking nature. However, as the spike firing rate of SNNs increases, the energy consumption does as well, and thus, the advantage of SNNs diminishes. Here,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Kazuma Suetake , Takuya Ushimaru , Ryuji Saiin , Yoshihide Sawada

Benefiting from the event-driven and sparse spiking characteristics of the brain, spiking neural networks (SNNs) are becoming an energy-efficient alternative to artificial neural networks (ANNs). However, the performance gap between SNNs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Man Yao , Guangshe Zhao , Hengyu Zhang , Yifan Hu , Lei Deng , Yonghong Tian , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Classifiers trained using conventional empirical risk minimization or maximum likelihood methods are known to suffer dramatic performance degradations when tested over examples adversarially selected based on knowledge of the classifier's…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-01 Alireza Bagheri , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

$\textbf{Formal version available at}$ https://cell.com/patterns/fulltext/S2666-3899(23)00200-3 Networks of spiking neurons underpin the extraordinary information-processing capabilities of the brain and have become pillar models in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Gehua Ma , Rui Yan , Huajin Tang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have advantages in latency and energy efficiency over traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) due to its event-driven computation mechanism and replacement of energy-consuming weight multiplications with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Zhehui Wang , Xiaozhe Gu , Rick Goh , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Tao Luo

Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based inference on battery-powered devices can be made more energy-efficient by restricting the synaptic weights to be binary, hence eliminating the need to perform multiplications. An alternative, emerging,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Hyeryung Jang , Nicolas Skatchkovsky , Osvaldo Simeone