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This paper demonstrates two novel methods to estimate the global SNR of speech signals. In both methods, Deep Neural Network-Hidden Markov Model (DNN-HMM) acoustic model used in speech recognition systems is leveraged for the additional…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-13 Rohith Aralikatti , Dilip Margam , Tanay Sharma , Thanda Abhinav , Shankar M Venkatesan

We prove an exact relationship between the optimal denoising function and the data distribution in the case of additive Gaussian noise, showing that denoising implicitly models the structure of data allowing it to be exploited in the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-11 Heikki Arponen , Matti Herranen , Harri Valpola

A closed-form model for the nonlinear interference (NLI) in Raman amplified links is presented, the formula accounts for both forward (FW) and backward (BW) pumping schemes and inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) effect. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-30 H. Buglia , M. Jarmolovicius , L. Galdino , R. I. Killey , P. Bayvel

Accurate noise modelling is important for training of deep learning reconstruction algorithms. While noise models are well known for traditional imaging techniques, the noise distribution of a novel sensor may be difficult to determine a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Felix Horger , Tobias Würfl , Vincent Christlein , Andreas Maier

An efficient technique is introduced for model inference of complex nonlinear dynamical systems driven by noise. The technique does not require extensive global optimization, provides optimal compensation for noise-induced errors and is…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 V. N. Smelyanskiy , D. A. Timucin , A. Bandrivskyy , D. G. Luchinsky

Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) detection statistic has wide-spread applications. A potential event is recorded when the SNR from a specific template exceeds a threshold set by a desired false positive rate. In template bank searches, the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-02 Tyler Daykin , Chris Ellis , Andrei Derevianko

We study estimation in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime for a broad class of Gaussian latent-variable models, including Gaussian mixtures and orbit recovery problems. We show that, in this regime, the generalized method-of-moments…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Amnon Balanov , Tamir Bendory , Dan Edidin

Nonlinear interference models for dual-polarization 4D (DP-4D) modulation have only been used so far to predict signal-signal nonlinear interference. We show that including the signal-noise term in the prediction of the effective…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-18 Zhiwei Liang , Bin Chen , Yi Lei , Gabriele Liga , Alex Alvarado

We introduce a general formulation of the fluctuation-dissipation relations (FDR) holding also in far-from-equilibrium stochastic dynamics. A great advantage of this version of the FDR is that it does not require the explicit knowledge of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-15 Marco Baldovin , Lorenzo Caprini , Angelo Vulpiani

Policy-gradient methods are widely used in reinforcement learning, yet training often becomes unstable or slows down as learning progresses. We study this phenomenon through the noise-to-signal ratio (NSR) of a policy-gradient estimator,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Haoyu Han , Heng Yang

The sequential analysis of the problem of joint signal detection and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation for a linear Gaussian observation model is considered. The problem is posed as an optimization setup where the goal is to minimize…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-20 M. Fauß , K. G. Nagananda , A. M. Zoubir , H. V. Poor

Machine learning models trained by different optimization algorithms under different data distributions can exhibit distinct generalization behaviors. In this paper, we analyze the generalization of models trained by noisy iterative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-29 Hao Wang , Rui Gao , Flavio P. Calmon

In this paper, the pilot signal design for massive MIMO systems to maximize the training-based received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is considered under two channel models: block Gauss-Markov and block independent and identically distributed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Jungho So , Donggun Kim , Yuni Lee , Youngchul Sung

X-ray spectral imaging provides quantitative imaging of trace elements in biological sample with high sensitivity. We propose a novel algorithm to promote the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of X-ray spectral images that have low photon counts.…

Medical Physics · Physics 2013-04-02 Feng Zhu , Binjie Qin , Weiyue Feng , Huajian Wang , Shaosen Huang , Yisong Lv , Yong Chen

Diffusion models (DM) have become fundamental components of generative models, excelling across various domains such as image creation, audio generation, and complex data interpolation. Signal-to-Noise diffusion models constitute a diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Khanh Doan , Long Tung Vuong , Tuan Nguyen , Anh Tuan Bui , Quyen Tran , Thanh-Toan Do , Dinh Phung , Trung Le

Denoising diffusion models have recently shown impressive results in generative tasks. By learning powerful priors from huge collections of training images, such models are able to gradually modify complete noise to a clean natural image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Naama Pearl , Yaron Brodsky , Dana Berman , Assaf Zomet , Alex Rav Acha , Daniel Cohen-Or , Dani Lischinski

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to proving the convergence of the Stochastic Approximation (SA) and the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithms. The new approach is based on a concept called GSLLN (Generalized Strong Law of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Rajeeva Laxman Karandikar , Bhamidi Visweswara Rao , Mathukumalli Vidyasagar

To model impulsive noise in power line channels, both the Bernoulli-Gaussian model and the symmetric alpha-stable model are usually applied. Towards a merge of existing noise measurement databases and a simplification of communication…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-30 Bin Han , Yang Lu , Kai Wan , Hans D. Schotten

Dropout is a regularisation technique in neural network training where unit activations are randomly set to zero with a given probability \emph{independently}. In this work, we propose a generalisation of dropout and other multiplicative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-24 Beyrem Khalfaoui , Joseph Boyd , Jean-Philippe Vert

In this paper, we propose a general robust subband adaptive filtering (GR-SAF) scheme against impulsive noise by minimizing the mean square deviation under the random-walk model with individual weight uncertainty. Specifically, by choosing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-22 Yi Yu , Hongsen He , Rodrigo C. de Lamare , Badong Chen