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In light of the rising demand for biometric-authentication systems, preventing face spoofing attacks is a critical issue for the safe deployment of face recognition systems. Here, we propose an efficient face presentation attack detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Akinori F. Ebihara , Kazuyuki Sakurai , Hitoshi Imaoka

Generative AI (Gen-AI) deepfakes pose a rapidly evolving threat to biometric authentication, yet a significant gap exists between expert understanding of these risks and public perception. This disconnection creates critical vulnerabilities…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Shijing He , Yaxiong Lei , Zihan Zhang , Yuzhou Sun , Shujun Li , Chi Zhang , Juan Ye

Face presentation attack detection (PAD) is an essential measure to protect face recognition systems from being spoofed by malicious users and has attracted great attention from both academia and industry. Although most of the existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Zhi Li , Haoliang Li , Xin Luo , Yongjian Hu , Kwok-Yan Lam , Alex C. Kot

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show remarkable capabilities, their safety alignments are susceptible to jailbreak attacks. Existing attack methods typically focus on text-image interplay, treating the visual modality as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuan Xiong , Ziqi Miao , Lijun Li , Chen Qian , Jie Li , Jing Shao

Text-to-image diffusion models (T2I DMs) have achieved remarkable success in generating high-quality and diverse images from text prompts, yet recent studies have revealed their vulnerability to backdoor attacks. Existing attack methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Haoran Dai , Jiawen Wang , Ruo Yang , Manali Sharma , Zhonghao Liao , Yuan Hong , Binghui Wang

In this paper, we address the problem of face hallucination by proposing a novel multi-scale generative adversarial network (GAN) architecture optimized for face verification. First, we propose a multi-scale generator architecture for face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Hadi Kazemi , Fariborz Taherkhani , Nasser M. Nasrabadi

Model Inversion (MI) attacks aim at leveraging the output information of target models to reconstruct privacy-sensitive training data, raising critical concerns regarding the privacy vulnerabilities of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yixiang Qiu , Hongyao Yu , Hao Fang , Tianqu Zhuang , Wenbo Yu , Bin Chen , Xuan Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

Recent research on biometrics focuses on achieving a high success rate of authentication and addressing the concern of various spoofing attacks. Although hand geometry recognition provides adequate security over unauthorized access, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Asish Bera , Ratnadeep Dey , Debotosh Bhattacharjee , Mita Nasipuri , Hubert P. H. Shum

The variation of pose, illumination and expression makes face recognition still a challenging problem. As a pre-processing in holistic approaches, faces are usually aligned by eyes. The proposed method tries to perform a pixel alignment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-01 Hoda Mohammadzade , Amirhossein Sayyafan , Benyamin Ghojogh

Remote identity verification is essential for modern digital security; however, it remains highly vulnerable to sophisticated Presentation Attacks (PAs) that utilise forged or manipulated identity documents. Although Deep Learning (DL) has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Esteban M. Ruiz , Juan E. Tapia , Reinel T. Soto , Christoph Busch

Model Inversion Attacks (MIAs) pose a significant threat to data privacy by reconstructing sensitive training samples from the knowledge embedded in trained machine learning models. Despite recent progress in enhancing the effectiveness of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Hongyao Yu , Yixiang Qiu , Hao Fang , Tianqu Zhuang , Bin Chen , Sijin Yu , Bin Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

Due to the prevalence of social media websites, one challenge facing computer vision researchers is to devise methods to process and search for persons of interest among the billions of shared photos on these websites. Facebook revealed in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-07-30 Dayong Wang , Charles Otto , Anil K. Jain

Machine Learning (ML) already has been integrated into all kinds of systems, helping developers to solve problems with even higher accuracy than human beings. However, when integrating ML models into a system, developers may accidentally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Mingtian Tan , Zhe Zhou

Face anti-spoofing is crucial to the security of face recognition systems. Most previous methods formulate face anti-spoofing as a supervised learning problem to detect various predefined presentation attacks, which need large scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Yunxiao Qin , Chenxu Zhao , Xiangyu Zhu , Zezheng Wang , Zitong Yu , Tianyu Fu , Feng Zhou , Jingping Shi , Zhen Lei

The success of DNNs has driven the extensive applications of person re-identification (ReID) into a new era. However, whether ReID inherits the vulnerability of DNNs remains unexplored. To examine the robustness of ReID systems is rather…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Hongjun Wang , Guangrun Wang , Ya Li , Dongyu Zhang , Liang Lin

Face Recognition Systems (FRS) have increasingly integrated into critical applications, including surveillance and user authentication, highlighting their pivotal role in modern security systems. Recent studies have revealed vulnerabilities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jiahao Chen , Zhiqiang Shen , Yuwen Pu , Chunyi Zhou , Changjiang Li , Jiliang Li , Ting Wang , Shouling Ji

The integration of multimodal models into Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) for ID Documents represents a significant advancement in biometric security. Traditional PAD systems rely solely on visual features, which often fail to detect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Marina Villanueva , Juan M. Espin , Juan E. Tapia

Biometric systems are widely used for identity verification and identification, including authentication (i.e., one-to-one matching to verify a claimed identity) and identification (i.e., one-to-many matching to find a subject in a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Axel Durbet , Paul-Marie Grollemund , Pascal Lafourcade , Kevin Thiry-Atighehchi

Face anti-spoofing is the key to preventing security breaches in biometric recognition applications. Existing software-based and hardware-based face liveness detection methods are effective in constrained environments or designated datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Yu Tian , Kunbo Zhang , Leyuan Wang , Zhenan Sun

Iris recognition is widely recognized as one of the most accurate biometric modalities. However, its growing deployment in real-world applications raises significant concerns regarding its vulnerability to Presentation Attacks (PAs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Raghavendra Ramachandra , Sushma Venkatesh