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We propose an online, end-to-end, neural generative conversational model for open-domain dialogue. It is trained using a unique combination of offline two-phase supervised learning and online human-in-the-loop active learning. While most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-19 Nabiha Asghar , Pascal Poupart , Xin Jiang , Hang Li

Assistive agents should make humans' lives easier. Classically, such assistance is studied through the lens of inverse reinforcement learning, where an assistive agent (e.g., a chatbot, a robot) infers a human's intention and then selects…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Vivek Myers , Evan Ellis , Sergey Levine , Benjamin Eysenbach , Anca Dragan

The next step for intelligent dialog agents is to escape their role as silent bystanders and become proactive. Well-defined proactive behavior may improve human-machine cooperation, as the agent takes a more active role during interaction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Matthias Kraus , Nicolas Wagner , Ron Riekenbrauck , Wolfgang Minker

The increasing use of dialogue agents makes it extremely desirable for them to understand and acknowledge the implied emotions to respond like humans with empathy. Chatbots using traditional techniques analyze emotions based on the context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Akhilesh Ravi , Amit Yadav , Jainish Chauhan , Jatin Dholakia , Naman Jain , Mayank Singh

We study reinforcement learning (RL) problems in which agents observe the reward or transition realizations at their current state before deciding which action to take. Such observations are available in many applications, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Nadav Merlis

Virtual and robotic agents capable of perceiving human empathy have the potential to participate in engaging and meaningful human-machine interactions that support human well-being. Prior research in computational empathy has focused on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Leena Mathur , Micol Spitale , Hao Xi , Jieyun Li , Maja J Matarić

Emotion serves as an essential component in daily human interactions. Existing human motion generation frameworks do not consider the impact of emotions, which reduces naturalness and limits their application in interactive tasks, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Chen Zhu , Buzhen Huang , Zijing Wu , Binghui Zuo , Yangang Wang

Generating explanation to explain its behavior is an essential capability for a robotic teammate. Explanations help human partners better understand the situation and maintain trust of their teammates. Prior work on robot generating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Yu Zhang , Mehrdad Zakershahrak

Empathy involves understanding other people's situation, perspective, and feelings. In clinical interactions, it helps clinicians establish rapport with a patient and support patient-centered care and decision making. Understanding…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-03 Zhuohao Chen , James Gibson , Ming-Chang Chiu , Qiaohong Hu , Tara K Knight , Daniella Meeker , James A Tulsky , Kathryn I Pollak , Shrikanth Narayanan

An important application of interactive machine learning is extending or amplifying the cognitive and physical capabilities of a human. To accomplish this, machines need to learn about their human users' intentions and adapt to their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-06-10 Vivek Veeriah , Patrick M. Pilarski , Richard S. Sutton

Emotion recognition is a core research area at the intersection of artificial intelligence and human communication analysis. It is a significant technical challenge since humans display their emotions through complex idiosyncratic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Paul Pu Liang , Amir Zadeh , Louis-Philippe Morency

Sentiment analysis is crucial for the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI). Sentiment understanding can help AI to replicate human language and discourse. Studying the formation and response of sentiment state from well-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Yanan Jia , Sony SungChu

In dialogue systems, utterances with similar semantics may have distinctive emotions under different contexts. Therefore, modeling long-range contextual emotional relationships with speaker dependency plays a crucial part in dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Shimin Li , Hang Yan , Xipeng Qiu

Sentiment analysis predicts the presence of positive or negative emotions in a text document. In this paper we consider higher dimensional extensions of the sentiment concept, which represent a richer set of human emotions. Our approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-08-09 Seungyeon Kim , Fuxin Li , Guy Lebanon , Irfan Essa

Empathy is a critical factor in fostering positive user experiences in conversational AI. While models can display empathy, it is often generic rather than tailored to specific tasks and contexts. In this work, we introduce a novel…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Erfan Shayegani , Jina Suh , Andy Wilson , Nagu Rangan , Javier Hernandez

A centerpiece of the ever-popular reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) approach to fine-tuning autoregressive language models is the explicit training of a reward model to emulate human feedback, distinct from the language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Wanqiao Xu , Shi Dong , Dilip Arumugam , Benjamin Van Roy

The primary objective is to teach a machine about human emotions, which has become an essential requirement in the field of social intelligence, also expedites the progress of human-machine interactions. The ability of a machine to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Sai Nikhil Chennoor , B. R. K. Madhur , Moujiz Ali , T. Kishore Kumar

This paper proposes a multi-agent artificial intelligence system that generates response-oriented media content in real time based on audio-derived emotional signals. Unlike conventional speech emotion recognition studies that focus…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 HyeYoung Lee

Existing English-teaching chatbots rarely incorporate empathy explicitly in their feedback, but empathetic feedback could help keep students engaged and reduce learner anxiety. Toward this end, we propose the task of negative emotion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Li Siyan , Teresa Shao , Zhou Yu , Julia Hirschberg

In this paper, we investigate the emotion recognition ability of the pre-training language model, namely BERT. By the nature of the framework of BERT, a two-sentence structure, we adapt BERT to continues dialogue emotion prediction tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Yen-Hao Huang , Ssu-Rui Lee , Mau-Yun Ma , Yi-Hsin Chen , Ya-Wen Yu , Yi-Shin Chen