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We present Fashion-MNIST, a new dataset comprising of 28x28 grayscale images of 70,000 fashion products from 10 categories, with 7,000 images per category. The training set has 60,000 images and the test set has 10,000 images. Fashion-MNIST…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-19 Han Xiao , Kashif Rasul , Roland Vollgraf

A conceptually simple way to classify images is to directly compare test-set data and training-set data. The accuracy of this approach is limited by the method of comparison used, and by the extent to which the training-set data cover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Stephen Whitelam

This work draws attention to the large fraction of near-duplicates in the training and test sets of datasets widely adopted in License Plate Recognition (LPR) research. These duplicates refer to images that, although different, show the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Rayson Laroca , Valter Estevam , Alceu S. Britto , Rodrigo Minetto , David Menotti

The CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets are two of the most heavily benchmarked datasets in computer vision and are often used to evaluate novel methods and model architectures in the field of deep learning. However, we find that 3.3% and 10%…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Björn Barz , Joachim Denzler

Recognizing handwritten digits is a challenging task primarily due to the diversity of writing styles and the presence of noisy images. The widely used MNIST dataset, which is commonly employed as a benchmark for this task, includes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Amarnath R , Vinay Kumar

The MNIST dataset containing thousands of handwritten digit images is still a fundamental benchmark for evaluating various pattern-recognition and image-classification models. Linear separability is a key concept in many statistical and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ákos Hajnal

The accuracy and robustness of machine learning models against adversarial attacks are significantly influenced by factors such as training data quality, model architecture, the training process, and the deployment environment. In recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Alireza Aghabagherloo , Aydin Abadi , Sumanta Sarkar , Vishnu Asutosh Dasu , Bart Preneel

Image alignment across domains has recently become one of the realistic and popular topics in the research community. In this problem, a deep learning-based image alignment method is usually trained on an available largescale database.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Thanh-Dat Truong , Khoa Luu , Chi Nhan Duong , Ngan Le , Minh-Triet Tran

Formal verification provides critical security assurances for neural networks, yet its practical application suffers from the long verification time. This work introduces a novel method for training verification-friendly neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zongxin Liu , Zhe Zhao , Fu Song , Jun Sun , Pengfei Yang , Xiaowei Huang , Lijun Zhang

In this paper, we propose a machine learning model, which dynamically changes the features during training. Our main motivation is to update the model in a small content during the training process with replacing less descriptive features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Marcell Beregi-Kovács , Ágnes Baran , András Hajdu

In this paper, we performed two types of software experiments to study the numerosity classification (subitizing) in humans and machines. Experiments focus on a particular kind of task is referred to as Semantic MNIST or simply SMNIST where…

Nowadays, digital content is widespread and simply redistributable, either lawfully or unlawfully. For example, after images are posted on the internet, other web users can modify them and then repost their versions, thereby generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-08 K. K. Thyagharajan , G. Kalaiarasi

Neural networks are often benchmarked using standard datasets such as MNIST, FashionMNIST, or other variants of MNIST, which, while accessible, are limited to generic classes such as digits or clothing items. For researchers working on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Pouya Shaeri , Arash Karimi , Ariane Middel

Model distillation aims to distill the knowledge of a complex model into a simpler one. In this paper, we consider an alternative formulation called dataset distillation: we keep the model fixed and instead attempt to distill the knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Tongzhou Wang , Jun-Yan Zhu , Antonio Torralba , Alexei A. Efros

This paper addresses the problem of set-to-set matching, which involves matching two different sets of items based on some criteria, especially in the case of high-dimensional items like images. Although neural networks have been applied to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Masanari Kimura , Takuma Nakamura , Yuki Saito

The Virus-MNIST data set is a collection of thumbnail images that is similar in style to the ubiquitous MNIST hand-written digits. These, however, are cast by reshaping possible malware code into an image array. Naturally, it is poised to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Erik Larsen , Korey MacVittie , John Lilly

Deep neural networks trained on large supervised datasets have led to impressive results in image classification and other tasks. However, well-annotated datasets can be time-consuming and expensive to collect, lending increased interest to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-27 David Rolnick , Andreas Veit , Serge Belongie , Nir Shavit

The massive spread of visual content through the web and social media poses both challenges and opportunities. Tracking visually-similar content is an important task for studying and analyzing social phenomena related to the spread of such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Hana Matatov , Mor Naaman , Ofra Amir

Near- and duplicate image detection is a critical concern in the field of medical imaging. Medical datasets often contain similar or duplicate images from various sources, which can lead to significant performance issues and evaluation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Tuan Truong , Farnaz Khun Jush , Matthias Lenga

We report that a very high accuracy on the MNIST test set can be achieved by using simple convolutional neural network (CNN) models. We use three different models with 3x3, 5x5, and 7x7 kernel size in the convolution layers. Each model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Sanghyeon An , Minjun Lee , Sanglee Park , Heerin Yang , Jungmin So
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