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Normalizing flows model a complex target distribution in terms of a bijective transform operating on a simple base distribution. As such, they enable tractable computation of a number of important statistical quantities, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Chandramouli Shama Sastry , Andreas Lehrmann , Marcus Brubaker , Alexander Radovic

By considering the Einstein-Vlasov system for static spherically symmetric distributions of matter, we show that configurations with constant anisotropy parameter $\beta$ have, necessarily, a distribution function (DF) of the form…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-21 Henrique Matheus Gauy , Javier Ramos-Caro

Nadarajah and Gupta (2004) introduced the beta Fr\'echet (BF) distribution, which is a generalization of the exponentiated Fr\'echet (EF) and Fr\'echet distributions, and obtained the probability density and cumulative distribution…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-04-08 Wagner Barreto-Souza , Gauss M. Cordeiro , Alexandre B. Simas

Normalizing flows are objects used for modeling complicated probability density functions, and have attracted considerable interest in recent years. Many flexible families of normalizing flows have been developed. However, the focus to date…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-18 Tin Lok James Ng , Andrew Zammit-Mangion

The Beta Rank Function (BRF) $x(u) =A(1-u)^b/u^a$, where $u$ is the normalized and continuous rank of an observation $x$, has wide applications in fitting real-world data from social science to biological phenomena. The underlying…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-15 Oscar Fontanelli , Pedro Miramontes , Ricardo Mansilla , Germinal Cocho , Wentian Li

The problem of determining the achievable sensitivity with digitization exhibiting minimal complexity is addressed. In this case, measurements are exclusively available in hard-limited form. Assessing the achievable sensitivity via the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Manuel S. Stein

A probabilistic circuit (PC) succinctly expresses a function that represents a multivariate probability distribution and, given sufficient structural properties of the circuit, supports efficient probabilistic inference. Typically a PC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Oliver Broadrick , William Cao , Benjie Wang , Martin Trapp , Guy Van den Broeck

The aim of the article is to recover a certain type of finite parametric distributions and functions using their spherical mean transform which is given on a certain family of spheres whose centers belong to a finite set $\Gamma$. For this,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-11-01 Yehonatan Salman

The probability distribution function (PDF) of the mass surface density is an essential characteristic of the structure of molecular clouds or the interstellar medium in general. Observations of the PDF of molecular clouds indicate a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Joerg Fischera

In recent years, the usual BPHZ algorithm for renormalization in perturbative quantum field theory has been interpreted, after dimensional regularization, as a Birkhoff decomposition of characters on the Hopf algebra of Feynman graphs, with…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-07-09 Frédéric Menous , Frédéric Patras

The probability distribution function (PDF) of the mass surface density of molecular clouds provides essential information about the structure of molecular cloud gas and condensed structures out of which stars may form. In general, the PDF…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Jörg Fischera

The probability density function (PDF) associated with a given set of samples is approximated by a piecewise-linear polynomial constructed with respect to a binning of the sample space. The kernel functions are a compactly supported basis…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-04 Giacomo Capodaglio , Max Gunzburger

We propose a novel model for generating graphs similar to a given example graph. Unlike standard approaches that compute features of graphs in Euclidean space, our approach obtains features on a surface of a hypersphere. We then utilize a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2011-05-20 Dalton Lunga , Sergey Kirshner

The phase-space quasi-probability distribution formalism for representing quantum states provides practical tools for various applications in quantum optics such as identifying the nonclassicality of quantum states. We study filter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Mani Zartab , Ezad Shojaee , Saleh Rahimi-Keshari

Bivariate normal distributions are often used to describe the joint probability density of a pair of random variables. These distributions arise across many domains, from telecommunications, to meteorology, ballistics, and computational…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-08 Emily A. Cooper , Hany Farid

The probability density function (PDF) of some global average quantity plays a fundamental role in critical and highly correlated systems. We explicitly compute this quantity as a function of the magnetization for the two dimensional XY…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-12-03 G. Palma , D. Zambrano

Estimating the normalizing constant of an unnormalized probability distribution has important applications in computer science, statistical physics, machine learning, and statistics. In this work, we consider the problem of estimating the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Rong Ge , Holden Lee , Jianfeng Lu

The mean of an unknown variance-$\sigma^2$ distribution $f$ can be estimated from $n$ samples with variance $\frac{\sigma^2}{n}$ and nearly corresponding subgaussian rate. When $f$ is known up to translation, this can be improved…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-30 Shivam Gupta , Jasper C. H. Lee , Eric Price

An important part of problems in statistical physics and computer science can be expressed as the computation of marginal probabilities over a Markov Random Field. The belief propagation algorithm, which is an exact procedure to compute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-01-24 Victorin Martin , Jean-Marc Lasgouttes , Cyril Furtlehner

When using the finite element method (FEM) in inverse problems, its discretization error can produce parameter estimates that are inaccurate and overconfident. The Bayesian finite element method (BFEM) provides a probabilistic model for the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Anne Poot , Iuri Rocha , Pierre Kerfriden , Frans van der Meer