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Nontrivial band topology along with magnetism leads to different novel quantum phases. When time-reversal-symmetry is broken in three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) by applying high enough magnetic field or proximity effect,…
We have performed angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on (PbSe)5(Bi2Se3)3m, which forms a natural multilayer heterostructure consisting of a topological insulator (TI) and an ordinary insulator. For m = 2, we observed a gapped…
We investigate the effects of magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities on the two-dimensional surface states of three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs). Modeling weak and strong TIs using a generic four-band Hamiltonian, which allows for…
The recent discovery of topological insulator (TI) offers new opportunities for the development of thermoelectrics, because many TIs (like Bi$_2$Te$_3$) are excellent thermoelectric (TE) materials. In this review, we will first describe the…
Topological crystalline insulators (TCI) are unique systems where a band inversion that is protected by crystalline mirror symmetry leads to a multiplicity of topological surface states. Binary SnTe is an attractive lead-free TCI compound;…
Topological insulators (TIs) are newly discovered states of matter with robust metallic surface states protected by the topological properties of the bulk wavefunctions. A quantum phase transition (QPT) from a TI to a conventional insulator…
In a blueprint for topological electronics, edge state transport in a topological insulator material can be controlled by employing a gate-induced topological quantum phase transition. Here, by studying the width dependence of electronic…
Nanoscale size-effects drastically alter the fundamental properties of semiconductors. Here, we investigate the dominant role of quantum confinement in the field-effect device properties of free-standing InAs nanomembranes with varied…
Topological insulators are novel macroscopic quantum-mechanical phase of matter, which hold promise for realizing some of the most exotic particles in physics as well as application towards spintronics and quantum computation. In all the…
The recent discoveries about topological insulators have been promoting theoretical and experimental research. In this dissertation, the basic concepts of topological insulators and the Quantum Hall Effect are reviewed focusing the…
Three-dimensional topological insulators (3D TIs) represent novel states of quantum matters in which surface states are protected by time-reversal symmetry and an inversion occurs between bulk conduction- and valence-bands. However, the…
We report the discovery of several classes of novel topological insulators (TIs) with hybrid-order boundary states generated from the first-order TIs with additional crystalline symmetries. Unlike the current studies on hybrid-order TIs…
Macroscopic two-dimensional sonic crystals with inversion symmetry are studied to reveal higher-order topological physics in classical wave systems. By tuning a single geometry parameter, the band topology of the bulk and the edges can be…
Topology, a mathematical concept, has recently become a popular and truly transdisciplinary topic encompassing condensed matter physics, solid state chemistry, and materials science. Since there is a direct connection between real space,…
When the particle size of a metal is reduced, it is expected that an energy gap will open due to the quantum size effect. However, the energy gap in platinum (Pt) metal nanoparticles has not been observed directly by nuclear magnetic…
Following the centuries old concept of the quantization of flux through a Gaussian curvature (Euler characteristic) and its successive dispersal into various condensed matter properties such as quantum Hall effect, and topological…
Topological insulators (TIs) are a recently discovered class of quantum materials that are currently attracting considerable attention. The most interesting aspect of the TIs is, in fact, not that they are bulk insulators but that their…
The ability to fine-tune band gap and band inversion in topological materials is highly desirable for the development of novel functional devices. Here we propose that the electronic properties of a free-standing nanomembrane of topological…
Josephson weak links made of two-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) exhibit magnetic oscillations of the supercurrent that are reminiscent of those in superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). We propose a microscopic…
In a topological insulator (TI), if its spin-orbit coupling (SOC) strength is gradually reduced, the TI eventually transforms into a trivial insulator beyond a critical point of SOC, at which point the bulk gap closes: this is the standard…