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Attempts to separate the power of classical and quantum models of computation have a long history. The ultimate goal is to find exponential separations for computational problems. However, such separations do not come a dime a dozen: while…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-05 Martin Roetteler

Critical decision-making issues in science, engineering, and industry are based on combinatorial optimization; however, its application is inherently limited by the NP-hard nature of the problem. A specialized paradigm of analogue quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Rudraksh Sharma , Ravi Katukam , Arjun Nagulapally

Hybrid algorithms that combine quantum and classical resources have become commonplace in quantum computing. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is routinely used to solve prototype problems. Currently, hybrid algorithms use no more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Manpreet Singh Jattana

Quantum annealing is a quantum algorithm for computing solutions to combinatorial optimization problems. This study proposes a method for minor embedding optimization problems onto sparse quantum annealing hardware graphs called 4-clique…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Elijah Pelofske

We propose a novel method for reducing the number of variables in quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problems, using a quantum annealer (or any sampler) to fix the value of a large portion of the variables to values that have a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-26 Hamed Karimi , Gili Rosenberg

A central goal in quantum computing is the development of quantum hardware and quantum algorithms in order to analyse challenging scientific and engineering problems. Research in quantum computation involves contributions from both physics…

Research on quantum computing has recently gained significant momentum since first physical devices became available. Many quantum algorithms make use of so-called oracles that implement Boolean functions and are queried with highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-07 Alwin Zulehner , Philipp Niemann , Rolf Drechsler , Robert Wille

Diagnosing the minimal set of faults capable of explaining a set of given observations, e.g., from sensor readouts, is a hard combinatorial optimization problem usually tackled with artificial intelligence techniques. We present the mapping…

Adiabatic quantum computing has evolved in recent years from a theoretical field into an immensely practical area, a change partially sparked by D-Wave System's quantum annealing hardware. These multimillion-dollar quantum annealers offer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-28 Timothy D. Goodrich , Travis S. Humble , Blair D. Sullivan

Quantum annealers (QA), such as D-Wave systems, become increasingly efficient and competitive at solving combinatorial optimization problems. However, solving problems that do not directly map the chip topology remains challenging for this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Valentin Gilbert , Stéphane Louise

Quantum annealing may provide advantages over simulated annealing on solving some problems such as Kth order binary optimization problem. No feasible architecture exists to implement the high-order optimization problem (K > 2) on current…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-13 Yong-Chao Tang , Guo-Xing Miao

Quantum annealing is a method developed to solve combinatorial optimization problems by utilizing quantum bits. Solving such problems corresponds to minimizing a cost function defined over binary variables. However, in many practical cases,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Seiya Endo , Shohei Kawakatsu , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Kohei Suzuki , Yuichiro Matsuzaki

The D-Wave quantum annealers make it possible to obtain high quality solutions of NP-hard problems by mapping a problem in a QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) or Ising form to the physical qubit connectivity structure on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-29 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo Djidjev

Current quantum annealing experiments often suffer from restrictions in connectivity in the sense that only certain qubits can be coupled to each other. The most common strategy to overcome connectivity restrictions so far is by combining…

Quantum annealing is getting increasing attention in combinatorial optimization. The quantum processing unit by D-Wave is constructed to approximately solve Ising models on so-called Chimera graphs. Ising models are equivalent to quadratic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Michael Juenger , Elisabeth Lobe , Petra Mutzel , Gerhard Reinelt , Franz Rendl , Giovanni Rinaldi , Tobias Stollenwerk

Node embedding is a key technique for representing graph nodes as vectors while preserving structural and relational properties, which enables machine learning tasks like feature extraction, clustering, and classification. While classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Hristo N. Djidjev

Quantum annealing is a type of analog computation that aims to use quantum mechanical fluctuations in search of optimal solutions of QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) or, equivalently, Ising problems. Since NP-hard problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev

Quantum annealers of D-Wave Systems, Inc., offer an efficient way to compute high quality solutions of NP-hard problems. This is done by mapping a problem onto the physical qubits of the quantum chip, from which a solution is obtained after…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev

Quantum annealing aims at solving optimization problems efficiently by preparing the ground state of an Ising spin-Hamiltonian quantum mechanically. A prerequisite of building a quantum annealer is the implementation of programmable…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-11-10 Xingze Qiu , Peter Zoller , Xiaopeng Li

Although quantum computing hardware has evolved significantly in recent years, spurred by increasing industrial and government interest, the size limitation of current generation quantum computers remains an obstacle when applying these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-20 Gideon Bass , Max Henderson , Joshua Heath , Joseph Dulny