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Despite rapid adoption of autoregressive large language models, smaller text encoders still play an important role in text understanding tasks that require rich contextualized representations. Negation is an important semantic function that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Thinh Hung Truong , Karin Verspoor , Trevor Cohn , Timothy Baldwin

In this paper, we propose to study language modelling as a multi-task problem, bringing together three strands of research: multi-task learning, linguistics, and interpretability. Based on hypotheses derived from linguistic theory, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Lucas Weber , Jaap Jumelet , Elia Bruni , Dieuwke Hupkes

Conversational systems often rely on embedding models for intent classification and intent clustering tasks. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), which enable instructional embeddings allowing one to adjust semantics over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Yuwei Zhang , Siffi Singh , Sailik Sengupta , Igor Shalyminov , Hang Su , Hwanjun Song , Saab Mansour

Dialects introduce syntactic and lexical variations in language that occur in regional or social groups. Most NLP methods are not sensitive to such variations. This may lead to unfair behavior of the methods, conveying negative bias towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Maximilian Spliethöver , Sai Nikhil Menon , Henning Wachsmuth

Current research on hate speech analysis is typically oriented towards monolingual and single classification tasks. In this paper, we present a new multilingual multi-aspect hate speech analysis dataset and use it to test the current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Nedjma Ousidhoum , Zizheng Lin , Hongming Zhang , Yangqiu Song , Dit-Yan Yeung

This paper presents a novel method that allows a machine learning algorithm following the transformation-based learning paradigm \cite{brill95:tagging} to be applied to multiple classification tasks by training jointly and simultaneously on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Radu Florian , Grace Ngai

Multitask learning often helps improve the performance of related tasks as these often have inter-dependence on each other and perform better when solved in a joint framework. In this paper, we present a deep multitask learning framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Ranjan Satapathy , Shweta Pardeshi , Erik Cambria

Negation and uncertainty modeling are long-standing tasks in natural language processing. Linguistic theory postulates that expressions of negation and uncertainty are semantically independent from each other and the content they modify.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Jake Vasilakes , Chrysoula Zerva , Makoto Miwa , Sophia Ananiadou

Majority voting and averaging are common approaches employed to resolve annotator disagreements and derive single ground truth labels from multiple annotations. However, annotators may systematically disagree with one another, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Aida Mostafazadeh Davani , Mark Díaz , Vinodkumar Prabhakaran

Large language models underestimate the impact of negations on how much they change the meaning of a sentence. Therefore, learned evaluation metrics based on these models are insensitive to negations. In this paper, we propose NegBLEURT, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Miriam Anschütz , Diego Miguel Lozano , Georg Groh

In natural language the intended meaning of a word or phrase is often implicit and depends on the context. In this work, we propose a simple yet effective method for sentiment analysis using contextual embeddings and a self-attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Katarzyna Biesialska , Magdalena Biesialska , Henryk Rybinski

As machine translation (MT) systems progress at a rapid pace, questions of their adequacy linger. In this study we focus on negation, a universal, core property of human language that significantly affects the semantics of an utterance. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Md Mosharaf Hossain , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Eduardo Blanco , Alexis Palmer

Negation is a core construction in natural language. Despite being very successful on many tasks, state-of-the-art pre-trained language models often handle negation incorrectly. To improve language models in this regard, we propose to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Arian Hosseini , Siva Reddy , Dzmitry Bahdanau , R Devon Hjelm , Alessandro Sordoni , Aaron Courville

Negation is both an operation in formal logic and in natural language by which a proposition is replaced by one stating the opposite, as by the addition of "not" or another negation cue. Treating negation in an adequate way is required for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Claudia Schon , Sophie Siebert , Frieder Stolzenburg

Deep learning approaches for sentiment classification do not fully exploit sentiment linguistic knowledge. In this paper, we propose a Multi-sentiment-resource Enhanced Attention Network (MEAN) to alleviate the problem by integrating three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-16 Zeyang Lei , Yujiu Yang , Min Yang , Yi Liu

Research in emotion analysis is scattered across different label formats (e.g., polarity types, basic emotion categories, and affective dimensions), linguistic levels (word vs. sentence vs. discourse), and, of course, (few well-resourced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Sven Buechel , Luise Modersohn , Udo Hahn

Current vision-language detection and grounding models predominantly focus on prompts with positive semantics and often struggle to accurately interpret and ground complex expressions containing negative semantics. A key reason for this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zesheng Yang , Xi Jiang , Bingzhang Hu , Weili Guan , Runmin Cong , Guo-Jun Qi , Feng Zheng

In sentiment analysis, the polarities of the opinions expressed on an object/feature are determined to assess the sentiment of a sentence or document whether it is positive/negative/neutral. Naturally, the object/feature is a noun…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-15 K Paramesha , K C Ravishankar

Traditional sentiment analysis approaches tackle problems like ternary (3-category) and fine-grained (5-category) classification by learning the tasks separately. We argue that such classification tasks are correlated and we propose a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-07-13 Georgios Balikas , Simon Moura , Massih-Reza Amini

Sentiment lexicons are instrumental for sentiment analysis. One can use a set of sentiment words provided in a sentiment lexicon and a lexicon-based classifier to perform sentiment classification. One major issue with this approach is that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Shuai Wang , Guangyi Lv , Sahisnu Mazumder , Bing Liu