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Functional connectivity (FC) derived from resting-state fMRI plays a critical role in personalized predictions such as age and cognitive performance. However, applying foundation models(FM) to fMRI data remains challenging due to its high…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-26 Yanwen Wang , Xinglin Zhao , Yijin Song , Xiaobo Liu , Yanrong Hao , Rui Cao , Xin Wen

Connectomics and network neuroscience offer quantitative scientific frameworks for modeling and analyzing networks of structurally and functionally interacting neurons, neuronal populations, and macroscopic brain areas. This shift in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-06 Richard Betzel

Large Language Models have achieved remarkable success in language understanding and reasoning, and their multimodal extensions enable comprehension of images, video, and audio. Inspired by this, foundation models for brain functional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xingcan Hu , Wei Wang , Li Xiao

Functional connectivity refers to the temporal statistical relationship between spatially distinct brain regions and is usually inferred from the time series coherence/correlation in brain activity between regions of interest. In human…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-02 Shaurabh Nandy , Richard M. Golden

The human brain can be conceptualized as a dynamical system. Utilizing resting state fMRI time series imaging, we can study the underlying dynamics at ear-marked Regions of Interest (ROIs) to understand structure or lack thereof. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Ninad Aithal , Chakka Sai Pradeep , Neelam Sinha

Interactions between the brain and body are of fundamental importance for human behavior and health. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) captures whole-brain activity noninvasively, and modeling how fMRI signals interact with…

Purpose: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data acquired through resting-state studies have been used to obtain information about the spontaneous activations inside the brain. One of the approaches for analysis and interpretation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-24 Harshit Parmar , Brian Nutter , Rodney Long , Sameer Antani , Sunanda Mitra

Measuring functional connectivity from fMRI is important in understanding processing in cortical networks. However, because brain's connection pattern is complex, currently used methods are prone to produce false connections. We introduce…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-23 Tiger w. Lin , Giri P. Krishnan , Maxim Bazhenov , Terrence J. Sejnowski

Machine learning techniques have become increasingly popular in the field of resting state fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) network based classification. However, the application of convolutional networks has been proposed only…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-24 Regina Meszlényi , Krisztian Buza , Zoltán Vidnyánszky

Today, the human brain can be studied as a whole. Electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, or functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques provide functional connectivity patterns between different brain areas, and during…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-01-21 Mario Chavez , Miguel Valencia , Vito Latora , Jacques Martinerie

People with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) complain of problems with hand dexterity and cognitive fatigue. However, in many cases, impairments are subtle and difficult to detect. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sadman Saumik Islam , Bruna Dalcin Baldasso , Davide Cattaneo , Xianta Jiang , Michelle Ploughman

Foundation models (FMs), large neural networks pretrained on extensive and diverse datasets, have revolutionized artificial intelligence and shown significant promise in medical imaging by enabling robust performance with limited labeled…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Salah Ghamizi , Georgia Kanli , Yu Deng , Magali Perquin , Olivier Keunen

Task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a type of neuroimaging data used to identify areas of the brain that activate during specific tasks or stimuli. These data are conventionally modeled using a massive univariate approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-04 Daniel A. Spencer , David Bolin , Amanda F. Mejia

The joint analysis of multimodal neuroimaging data is critical in the field of brain research because it reveals complex interactive relationships between neurobiological structures and functions. In this study, we focus on investigating…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-25 Tong Lu , Yuan Zhang , Vince Lyzinski , Chuan Bi , Peter Kochunov , Elliot Hong , Shuo Chen

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data provides information concerning activity in the brain and in particular the interactions between brain regions. Resting state fMRI data is widely used for inferring connectivities in the…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-04 Christina Stoehr , John A D Aston , Claudia Kirch

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is widely used in routine clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, variations in MRI acquisition protocols result in different appearances of normal and diseased tissue in the images. Convolutional neural…

Functional MRI measuring BOLD signal is an increasingly important imaging modality in studying brain functions and neurological disorders. It can be acquired in either a resting-state or a task-based paradigm. Compared to resting-state…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-18 Jiyao Wang , Nicha C. Dvornek , Peiyu Duan , Lawrence H. Staib , James S. Duncan

Brain network is an important tool for understanding the brain, offering insights for scientific research and clinical diagnosis. Existing models for brain networks typically primarily focus on brain regions or overlook the complexity of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-30 Haoyu Hu , Hongrun Zhang , Chao Li

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a non-invasive technique for studying brain activity. During an fMRI session, the subject executes a set of tasks (task-related fMRI study) or no tasks (resting-state fMRI), and a sequence of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Christos Theodoropoulos , Christos Chatzichristos , Sabine Van Huffel

\hspace{2mm} Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) of the brain offers unique capabilities including noninvasive probing of tissue microstructure and structural connectivity. It is widely used for clinical assessment of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Davood Karimi , Simon K. Warfield